中国老年人丧子情况与认知障碍发病的关联性研究

目的 探讨65岁及以上老年人丧子情况和认知障碍发病的关联性。方法 数据来自2011/2012—2014年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）。以基线时无认知障碍的老年人作为研究对象。使用SAS PROC MI过程步对缺失变量进行填补，采用多因素cox比例风险回归模型比较老人丧子情况与认知障碍发病的关系。结果 本研究共纳入5 044人, 平均年龄（81.11±9.71）岁，平均随访时间（2.61± 0.37）年，非丧子组发病密度为10.30/100人年，丧子组发病密度为20.82/100人年，多因素cox回归结果显示，丧子老年人的认知障碍发病风险显著增高（HR:1.26，95%CI:1.06～1.50）。进一步分层分析发现，年龄75岁以上、男性、居住在城镇、当前独居的丧子老人有更高的认知障碍发病风险。结论 丧子老年人的认知障碍的发病风险显著增加，尤其是75岁以上、男性、居住在城镇、当前独居的丧子老年人应注意保护认知功能。

Study on the association between child bereavement and the onset of cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly

Objective To explore the association between bereavement and the onset of cognitive impairment in older adults aged 65 years and above. Methods Data were obtained from the 2011/2012—2014 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Older adults without cognitive impairment at baseline were included in the study. Missing variables were filled using the SAS PROC MI process step, and a multifactorial Cox proportional risk regression model was used to investigate the association between bereavement and the onset of cognitive impairment in the elderly. Results A total of 5 044 individuals, with a mean age of (81.11±9.71) years and a mean follow-up time of (2.61±0.37) years, were included in this study, and the incidence density was 10.30/100 person-years in the non-bereaved group and 20.82/100 person-years in the bereaved group (HR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.06-1.50). Further stratified analysis revealed that bereaved older adults aged 75 years or older, male, living in towns, and currently living alone had a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment. Conclusion Bereaved older adults are at significantly increased risk of developing cognitive impairment, and care should be taken to protect cognitive function, especially among bereaved older adults aged 75 years or older, male, living in towns, and currently living alone.