南宁市基层医疗卫生机构管理的肺结核患者结核病防治核心知识知晓率分析

目的 分析南宁市基层医疗卫生机构管理的肺结核患者对结核病防治核心知识的知晓率水平，探索其影响因素，为完善结核病健康管理提供依据。方法 对311名南宁市基层医疗卫生机构服务的对象（肺结核患者）采用结构化问卷进行面对面调查，了解患者对结核病防治核心知识的知晓情况、认知态度及知识来源情况；统计学分析采用统计软件IBM SPSS Statistics23 进行。结果 311名肺结核患者对结核病核心知识总的知晓率为80.02%（1742/2177）。对结核病归口管理政策的知晓率最高（94.86%），对结核病治疗转归的知晓率最低（46.95%），结核病防治7条核心知识的知晓率差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 379.459，P＜0.01）。不同民族和职业分类患者的知晓率差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为36.613、18.178；P值分别为＜0.001、0.003）。多因素分析显示，年龄和职业是结核病防治核心知识知晓率的影响因素。311名患者中，70%以上患者对结核病的认知态度比较正面，欢迎基层医疗卫生机构人员为其提供健康管理服务。患者获取结核病防治核心知识的途径比较分散，从医生处获得最高（28.63%），从学校教育中获得最低（1.83%）。结论 南宁市基层医疗卫生机构管理的肺结核患者对结核病防治核心知识的总的知晓率仍未达到结核病防治规划提出的85%的指标要求，今后需要在继续发挥基层医疗卫生机构人员在结核病防治健康促进工作中的作用、联合卫生健康部门和教育部门将结核病健康教育列入学校教学计划中去及探索针对不同人群特点的健康促进方式，最终提高总人群的结核病防治核心知识知晓率。

Awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control core knowledge among tuberculosis patients managed by primary medical and health institutions in Nanning

Objective To analyze the awareness rate of tuberculosis(TB) prevention and control core knowledge among tuberculosis patients managed by primary health care institutions in Nanning, to explore its influencing factors, and to provide a basis for improving tuberculosis health management. Methods A face-to-face survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire among 311 subjects (TB patients) served by primary health care institutions in Nanning to understand the patients’ awareness of TB prevention and treatment core knowledge, cognitive attitudes and sources of knowledge. Statistical analysis was performed using the software IBM SPSS Statistics23. Results The total awareness rate of tuberculosis core knowledge was 80.02% (1 742/2 177). The awareness rate of tuberculosis centralized management policy was the highest (94.86%), and the awareness rate of tuberculosis treatment outcome was the lowest (46.95%). There was a significant difference in the awareness rate of seven core knowledge items of tuberculosis prevention and control (χ2=379.459, P<0.01). The differences in knowledge rates among patients with different ethnic and occupational classifications were statistically significant (χ2=36.613, 18.178; P<0.001, 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that age and occupation were the influencing factors of the awareness rate of tuberculosis core knowledge. More than 70% of the 311 patients had a positive attitude toward TB awareness and welcomed the health management services provided by primary health care providers. Patients’ access to core knowledge of TB prevention and control was scattered, with the highest proportion of source from physicians(28.63%) and the lowest from school education (1.83%). Conclusion The overall awareness rate of tuberculosis control core knowledge among tuberculosis patients managed by primary health care institutions in Nanning still did not reach the target requirement of 85% as proposed in the tuberculosis control plan. In the future, the primary health care institution personnel should continue to play the important role in TB prevention and treatment promotion, work jointly with health departments and education departments to include TB health education in school programs, and to explore health promotion methods for different populations, so as to ultimately improve the awareness rate.