郑州市242例老年结直肠癌肠造口患者社会疏离现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查郑州市242例老年结直肠癌肠造口患者社会疏离现状并分析其影响因素。方法 于2020年8月—2021年6月，便利选取242例老年结直肠癌肠造口患者，采用自主参与问卷（IPA）、社会关系质量问卷（SRQS）、改良Barthel指数（MBI）、一般疏离感量表（GAS）、结直肠癌一般资料问卷进行调查。结果 老年结直肠癌肠造口患者社会疏离总分（43.73±11.71）分；多重线性回归分析显示，性别、文化程度、术后时间、日常生活能力、社会参与、社会关系质量是社会疏离的影响因素（均P＜0.05），可解释总变异的51.3%。其中文化程度为大专及以上（β = - 3.284，t = - 2.970，P = 0.003）、术后时间≥1年（β = - 3.726，t = - 2.836，P = 0.005)、日常生活能力高（β = - 0.280，t = - 3.951，P＜0.001）、社会关系质量好（β = - 0.682，t = - 12.663，P＜0.001）是社会疏离的保护因素；女性（β = 2.631，t = 2.071，P = 0.040）、社会参与少（β = 2.804，t = 3.227，P＜0.001）是社会疏离的危险因素。结论 老年结直肠癌肠造口患者社会疏离水平较高，性别、文化程度、术后时间、日常生活能力、社会参与及社会关系质量等是其社会疏离程度的重要影响因素。

Current status of social alienation and its influencing factors in 242 elderly patients with colostomy of colorectal cancer in Zhengzhou city

Objective To investigate current status of social alienation and its influencing factors in 242 elderly patients with colostomy of colorectal cancer in Zhengzhou city. Methods Convenience sampling was used for sampling. From August 2020 to June 2021, a total of 242 elderly patients with colostomy of colorectal cancer were investigated by using self-participation Questionnaire (IPA), Social Relationship Quality Questionnaire (SRQS), modified Barthel Index (MBI), General Alienation Scale (GAS), and Colorectal cancer general data questionnaire. Results The total score of social alienation in elderly patients with colostomy of colorectal cancer was 43.73±11.71. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that gender, education level, postoperative time, daily living ability, social participation, and social relationship quality were influencing factors of social alienation (P<0.05), which could explain 51.3% of the total variation. Education level for college graduate or above (β=-3.284, t=-2.970, P=0.003), postoperative time of 1 year (β=-3.726, t=-2.836, P=0.005), high daily living ability (β=-0.280, t=-3.951, P<0.001), and good social relationship quality (β=-0.682, t=-12.663, P<0.001) were protective factors of social alienation. Women (β=2.631, t=2.071, P=0.040) and less social participation (β=2.804, t=3.227, P<0.001) were risk factors for social alienation. Conclusion Elderly patients with colostomy of colorectal cancer have a high level of social alienation. Gender, education level, postoperative time, ability of daily life, social participation, and quality of social relations are important influencing factors of social alienation degree.