大学生校园负性事件及家庭环境与抑郁症状的关联性

目的 了解大学生抑郁现状并探讨校园负性事件及家庭环境与大学生抑郁症状的关联性，为大学生心理干预提供理论依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样法抽取武汉、南京、徐州地区的大学生，使用10项流调中心抑郁自评量表(CESD-10)、自制校园负性事件和家庭环境问卷对1830名大学生进行问卷调查。采用logistic回归分析抑郁症状的影响因素。结果 大学生的抑郁症状检出率为33.17%。多因素logistic回归结果显示:在一般人口学特征中，朋友数量越少(与朋友数量>10组相比，6～10:OR=2.205，95%CI:1.022～4.757；3～5:OR=3.305，95%CI:1.662～6.574；1～2:OR=4.115，95%CI:2.056～8.237；0:OR=14.719，95%CI:6.110～35.462)、睡眠质量越差(与睡眠质量很好组相比，较好:OR=2.518，95%CI:1.839～3.449；较差:OR=11.072，95%CI:7.636～16.054；很差:OR=23.046，95%CI:9.347～56.822)以及吸烟(OR=1.559，95%CI:1.036～2.347)是抑郁发生的危险因素；在家庭环境方面，父母关系不融洽组相比于父母关系融洽组的抑郁发生风险更高(OR=1.976，95%CI:1.307～2.987)；在校园负性事件方面，遭受冷暴力(OR=2.693，95%CI:1.864～3.889)、自伤(OR=2.203，95%CI:1.226～3.959)、挂科(OR=1.354，95%CI:1.004～1.824)组比无相应负性事件组的抑郁发生风险更高。结论 大学生抑郁症状检出率较高，且影响因素复杂，减少校园负性事件以及营造良好的家庭环境是降低大学生抑郁症状的有利手段。

Depression and its relationship with negative school events and family environment among college students

Objective To explore the current situation of depression among college students, to find the relationship of negative school events and family environment on depression, and to provide theoretical basis for psychological intervention of college students. Methods A total of 1830 college students were investigated by Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), self-made negative school events and family environment questionnaires. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms Results The survey showed that the detection rate of depressive symptoms in college students was 33.17%. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that: in terms of general demographic characteristics, fewer friends (compared with a number of friends >10 group, 6-10: OR=2.205, 95%CI: 1.022-4.757; 3-5: OR=3.305, 95%CI: 1.662-6.574; 1-2: OR=4.115, 95%CI: 2.056-8.237; 0: OR=14.719, 95%CI: 6.110-35.462), poor sleep quality (compared with very good sleep quality group, good: OR=2.518, 95%CI: 1.839-3.449; poor: OR=11.072, 95%CI: 7.636-16.054; very poor: OR=23.046, 95%CI: 9.347-56.822) and smoking (OR=1.559, 95%CI: 1.036-2.347) were risk factors for depression. In terms of family environment, the risk of depression was higher in those with disharmonious parents than in those with harmonious parents (OR=1.976, 95%CI: 1.307-2.987). In terms of negative school events, those who suffered cold violence (OR=2.693, 95%CI: 1.864-3.889), self-injury (OR=2.203, 95%CI: 1.226-3.959), and flunk (OR=1.354, 95%CI: 1.004-1.824) had a higher risk of depression than those without corresponding negative events. Conclusion College students have a high detection rate of depressive symptoms, and the influencing factors are complex. Reducing negative school events and creating a good family environment might be beneficial means to reduce depressive symptoms among college students.