一起流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫情病例密切接触者及周围人群的脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌属类型及抗体检出情况调查

目的 对流行性脑脊髓膜炎患者的密切接触者及周围人群进行脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌属类型及抗体检测调查，为流脑防控工作提供科学依据。方法 采集病例密切接触者和周围人群的血清和咽拭子进行带菌及抗体检测。结果 共采集流脑患者密切接触者30人和周围人群147人，其中密切接触者共3人检出脑膜炎奈瑟菌阳性，且均为C群；周围人群共19人检出脑膜炎奈瑟菌阳性，其中B群17人，W135群2人。在抗体检测中，其中周围人群的检出率高于密切接触者（χ2 = 7.885，P＜0.05）；密切接触者中Y群检出率高于周围人群（χ2 = 12.638，P＜0.05）。在疫苗接种与抗体检出中，密切接触者的A群流脑多糖疫苗、A + C脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗的接种率与周围人群比较均无统计学上差异（P＞0.05），同时A群与A + C群抗体检测在统计学上也无差异（P＞0.05）。但在未全程接种的A + C群抗体检测中，未全程接种的周围人群抗体阳性率高于密切接触者（χ2 = 6.021，P＜0.05）。结论 本起疫情检测菌属以B群为主，抗体检出以为A群为主，且疫苗接种率越高，抗体阳性检出率越高。

Investigation of the genus type and antibody detection of Neisseria meningitidis between the close contacts and the surrounding population in an epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis case

Objective To investigate the type and antibody detection of Neisseria meningitidis among the close contacts of patients with meningococcal meningitis and the surrounding population, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of meningococcal meningitis. Methods Serum and throat swabs were collected from close contacts of the case and the surrounding population for bacterial and antibody testing. Results A total of 30 close contacts and 147 surrounding people were collected. Three close contacts were tested positive for Neisseria meningitidis, all in group C, and 19 surrounding people were tested positive for meningitidis, including 17 in group B and two in group W135. In the antibody detection, the detection rate of the surrounding population was higher than that of the close contacts (χ2=7.885, P<0.05). The detection rate of the Y group among the close contacts was higher than that of the surrounding population (χ2=12.638, P<0.05). In vaccination and antibody detection, the vaccination rates of group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and A+C meningococcal conjugate vaccine in close contacts were not statistically different from those in the surrounding population (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). However, in the test of A+C group antibodies that were not fully vaccinated, the positive rate of antibodies in the surrounding population who were not fully vaccinated was higher than that of close contacts (χ2=6.021, P<0.05). Conclusion The bacteria detected in this outbreak is mainly group B, and the antibody detection is mainly group A. The higher the vaccination rate is the higher the positive detection rate of antibodies is.