失能老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素研究

目的 研究失能老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法 基于2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）数据，该项目采用随机抽样方法进行入户调查。选取数据库中2 816名65岁及以上的失能老年人为研究对象，利用二分类logistic回归模型分析失能老年人抑郁状况与影响因素之间的关系。结果 2 816名失能老年人中有抑郁倾向的有611人，占比21.7%。二分类logistic回归分析显示，居住农村（OR=1.370，95%CI:1.025~1.832）、居住区域为西部（OR=1.416，95%CI:1.068~1.878）和中部（OR=1.273，95%CI:1.013~1.600）、无配偶（OR=1.449，95%CI:1.106~1.898）、从不锻炼（OR=1.899，95%CI:1.325~2.721）是失能老人抑郁的危险因素；自评健康好（OR=0.434，95%CI:0.325~0.578）、睡眠质量好（OR=0.488，95%CI:0.375~0.634）、无慢性病（OR=0.750，95%CI:0.605~0.930）是失能老人抑郁的保护因素。结论 失能老年人抑郁状况较差，应加强对失能老人心理健康的关注，有针对性地采取相应措施，改善失能老年人的抑郁状况。

The influencing factors and depression status of the disabled elderly

Objective To examine depression status and its influencing factors among disabled elderly in China. Methods Based on the data from 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), the project used a random sampling method to conduct the household survey. A total of 2 816 disabled elderly aged≥65 years were included in the study. The influencing factors of the health status of disabled elderly were analyzed using the chi-square test, rank sum test and the binary logistic regression method. Results Among 2 816 disabled elderly, 21.7% (611) of the disabled elderly were in poor depression status. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that living in rural (OR=1.370, 95%CI: 1.025-1.832), living in the western (OR=1.416, 95%CI: 1.068-1.878) and central (OR=1.273, 95%CI: 1.013-1.600) of China, without spouse (OR=1.449, 95%CI: 1.106-1.898) , never exercise (OR=1.899, 95%CI: 1.325-2.721) were associated with increased prevalence of depressive symptoms. While good self-rated health (OR=0.434, 95%CI: 0.325-0.578), good quality of sleep (OR=0.488, 95%CI: 0.375-0.634), without chronic diseases (OR=0.750, 95%CI: 0.605-0.930) were associated with decreased prevalence of depressive symptoms. Conclusion The overall depression status of disabled elderly in China is poor. More attention should be paid to the mental health of disabled elderly people and targeted measures need to be taken to improve the depression status in disabled elderly people.