急性高原病发病影响因素的系统综述

目的 对探讨急性高原病相关影响因素的文献进行系统检索，对其危险因素进行归类汇总，并提出对应建议。 方法 使用“急性高原病”等关键词系统检索CNKI、万方、维普、SinoMed、Pubmed、Embase、Cochrane Library等数据库。检索内容的时间范围为从建库之日到2021年3月5日。 结果 最终纳入109篇文献，共获得41个影响因素。对影响因素进行归类，各类别涉及的文献数量分别为:人口和社会经济学特征74篇、防护知识和个体心理行为69篇、高原相关因素40篇、生理生化指标31篇。 结论 对急性高原病高危人群要进行严密监测，对入高原人群要进行健康教育，避免寒冷月份、乘飞机进入高原，有条件时可进行习服，使用预防药物时最好接受专业人士的指导。一旦出现如失眠等急性高原病相关症状时要及时就医。

Systematic review of influencing factors of acute mountain sickness

Objective To summary the risk factors of acute mountain sickness (AMS) through searching potential influencing factors systematically, and put forward proposals to prevent it. Methods CNKI, Wanfang data, VIP, SinoMed, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library were systematically searched as of March 5, 2021. Results A total of 109 articles were included, with 41 influencing factors. Each indicator and the number of articles involved included 74 population and socio-economic characteristics, 69 protection knowledge and individual psychological behaviors, 40 plateau related factors and 31 physiological and biochemical indicators. Conclusion People at high risk of acute plateau illness should be closely monitored, health education should be provided for people entering the plateau, avoiding cold months and entering the plateau by airplane, practicing clothing when available, and it is best to receive professional guidance when using preventive medicine. In case of symptoms related to acute plateau illness such as insomnia, people should seek medical treatment in time.