母亲养育实践与婴幼儿饮食行为对儿童超重肥胖影响的研究

目的 本研究探讨母亲养育实践与婴幼儿饮食行为对儿童超重肥胖的影响。方法 采用目的抽样法，选取徐州市2所医院及2个社区卫生服务中心的6 ~ 24月龄婴幼儿及其母亲为研究对象，母亲完成婴幼儿喂养类型和饮食行为问卷。根据儿童身长和体重，计算年龄别体质指数Z值（body mass index - for age z - score，BMIZ），BMIZ + 2为儿童超重肥胖。采用二元logistic回归分析母亲养育实践与婴幼儿饮食行为对儿童超重肥胖的影响。结果 本研究共回收882份有效问卷，儿童超重肥胖发生率为15.65%。二元logistic回归结果表明，敏感型养育（OR = 0.234，95%CI:0.159 ~ 0.344），饱腹反应（OR = 0.467，95%CI:0.336 ~ 0.649）和进食缓慢的饮食行为（OR = 0.737，95%CI:0.552 ~ 0.984）是儿童超重肥胖的保护因素；食物反应的饮食行为（OR = 2.369，95%CI:1.797 ~ 3.122），限制（OR = 2.359，95%CI:1.530 ~ 3.640）和纵容型养育（OR = 1.743，95%CI:1.250 ~ 2.431）是儿童超重肥胖的危险因素。结论 敏感型养育，饱腹反应和进食缓慢的饮食行为降低儿童超重肥胖的发生风险；食物反应的饮食行为，限制和纵容型养育增加儿童超重肥胖的发生风险。

Impact of maternal parenting practices and infant eating behaviors on childhood overweight and obesity

Objective To examine the impact of maternal parenting practices and infant eating behaviors on childhood overweight and obesity(OW/OB). Methods Mothers and their children aged 6 to 24 months were recruited using purposive sampling from two hospitals and two healthcare centers in Xuzhou. Mothers completed the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire for toddlers. Weight and recumbent length of children were measured to calculate BMIZ, and BMIZ +2 was classified as childhood OW/OB. Binomial logistic regression was performed to examine the impact of maternal parenting practices and infant eating behaviors on childhood OW/OB. Results A total of 882 valid questionnaires were returned in this study, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children was 15.65%. The binary logistic regression results showed that sensitive parenting (OR=0.234, 95%CI: 0.159-0.344), satiety response (OR=0.467, 95%CI: 0.336-0.649) and slow eating behavior (OR=0.737, 95%CI: 0.552-0.984) were protective factors for overweight obesity in children; food-responsive eating behavior (OR=2.369, 95%CI: 1.797-3.122), restriction (OR=2.359, 95%CI: 1.530-3.640) and indulgent parenting (OR=1.743, 95%CI: 1.250-2.431) were risk factors for overweight and obesity in children. Conclusion Sensitive parenting, satiety-responsive and slow-feeding eating behaviors reduce the risk of developing overweight obesity in children, while food-responsive eating behaviors, restrictive and permissive parenting increase the risk of developing overweight obesity in children.