重庆市介入放射工作人员个人剂量监测情况分析

目的 了解重庆市介入放射工作人员个人剂量监测现状及结果,为制定职业性放射性疾病防治政策和修订国家放射卫生标准提供科学依据。 方法 通过重庆市疾病预防控制中心个人剂量监测系统,收集2016—2020年重庆市介入放射工作人员个人剂量监测资料,χ²检验比较个人剂量监测数据和防护用品配置数据的差异,Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较介入放射工作人员不同年份、不同职业类别的剂量监测结果的差异。 结果 本次调查共计5 791人,19 493人次,5年间介入放射工作人员人均年有效剂量为0.36 mSv,监测年剂量超过1 mSv的介入人员占总监测人数的比值(NR₁)为11.93%,监测年剂量超过5 mSv的介入人员占总监测人数的比值(NR₅)为0.48%; 不同年份重庆市介入人员人均年有效剂量呈现总体下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ²=1 135.046,P<0.001); 介入防护用品三级医院配置率均高于二级医院配置率,其中防护吊帘(χ²=6.813,P<0.05)差异有统计学意义; 不同职业类别的年有效剂量由高到低依次为介入放射学、核医学和放射治疗,分别为0.36 mSv、0.34 mSv和0.31 mSv,差异有统计学意义(χ²=228.611,P<0.001); 眼晶体监测估算年有效剂量超过20 mSv的人数达到调查对象的6.80%。结论 重庆市介入放射工作人员人均年有效剂量逐年下降并保持在相对较低的水平,符合国家标准要求。建议加强防护用品的配置和使用,长期开展眼晶体剂量监测。

Analysis of individual dose monitoring of interventional radiological workers in Chongqing

Objective To grasp the current situation of personal dose monitoring of interventional radiological workers in Chongqing, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and controlling policies of occupational radiation diseases and revising national radiological health standards. Methods Personal dose monitoring data of interventional radiology workers in Chongqing from 2016 to 2020 were collected through the personal dose monitoring system of Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The differences between personal dose monitoring data and protective equipment configuration data were compared with chi-square test. Kruskal-wallis H test was used to compare the dose monitoring results of interventional radiological workers in different years and different occupational categories. Results There were 5 791 people and 19 493 person times monitored in this survey. The average annual effective dose of interventional radiation workers in 5 years was 0.36mSv, and the ratio(NR₁)of radiation workers with an annual dose of more than 1mSv in the total number of interventional radiological workers was 11.93%. The ratio(NR₅)of radiation workers monitoring annual doses of more than 5mSv to the total number of interventional radiological workers was 0.48%. The annual per capita effective dose of interventional personnel in different years in Chongqing showed an overall downward trend, with statistical significance(χ²=1 135.046, P<0.001); The allocation rate of interventional protective equipment in tertiary hospitals was higher than that in secondary hospitals, and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=6.813, P<0.05). The annual effective doses of interventional radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy were 0.36mSv, 0.34mSv and 0.31mSv, respectively, with statistical significance(χ²=228.611, P<0.001). Ophthalmic lens monitoring estimated that the annual effective dose of more than 20mSv reached 6.80% of the respondents. Conclusion The annual effective dose per capita of interventional radiology workers in Chongqing decreased year by year and remained at a relatively low level, which met the requirements of national standards. It is suggested to strengthen the stockpiling and use of protective equipment, and carry out long-term double dose monitoring of eye lens, hand skin and lead coating.