G-CSF预处理供者单倍体相合骨髓移植加用CD25 单克隆抗体预防急性GVHD的临床研究

探索单倍体相合未去T细胞骨髓移植应用CD25单克隆抗体预防急性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的疗效。在1999年2月至2001年11月期间，对28例白血病病人进行HLA2—3个位点不合骨髓移植，其中2000年11月前完成的不使用CD25单杭的15例为对照组，此后完成的13例为本方案组，两组供均接受粒细胞集落刺激因子(G—CSF，Lenograstim)250μg／d，皮下注射，连用7天后采髓；环抱菌素A，氨甲蝶呤，抗胸腺细胞球蛋白和霉酚酸酯(MMF)联合用于GvHD预防。研究组病例在移植前2小时和移植后第4天加用CD25单克隆抗体(Basiliximab)进一步预防GvHD；并对两组移植后植入，GvHD发生和无病存活情况进行比较。结果表明，28例患移植后均植入成功，植入直接证据的检测证实完全供造血，两组造血重建时间比较无显性差异(P＞0.05)；未用抗体的对照纽急性Ⅱ—IV度GvHD发生率33.3％，本方案组加用CD25单克隆抗体，无1例发生急性Ⅱ—IV度GVHD，两组之间差异有显性(P＜0．05)；慢性GvHD发生均为局限性，两组的差异无显性(P＞0.05)。对照组中位随访26(15—36)月，活存9／15例，本方案组中位随访8(3—15)月，活存12／13例，Kaplan—Meier存活曲线分析与对数秩检验，本方案组1年无病生存率明显高于对照组(P＜0．05)。结论：单倍体相合骨髓移植加用CD25单克隆抗体有利于急性重度GvHD的预防，显提高单倍体相合骨髓移植无病生存率。

A Clinical Study of Haploidentical and G-CSF Primed Bone Marrow Transplantation by Using CD25 for aGVHD Prophylaxis

To explore the feasibility of using CD25 monoclonal antibody (Basiliximab) in T-cell undepleted allo-BMT with graft from haplotype-matched related donor for acute GVHD prophylaxis. Twenty-eight patients with leukemia received allo-BMT from HLA two or three loci mismatched related donors. The donors were given G-CSF (Lenograstim) 250 micro g/d for 7 doses prior to marrow harvest. CSA, MTX, ATG and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were combined for GVHD prophylaxis. ATG 5 mg/(kg.d) was infused from day 4 to day 1 before transplantation and MMF was administered from day 7. In the study group, the patients received additional CD25 monoclonal antibody for aGVHD prophylaxis. CD25 20 mg each by 30 min intravenous infusion on 2 hours before transplantation and day 4 after transplantation was administered while no application of CD25 in the controls. The outcomes of transplantation were compared between the stud y and control groups. The results showed that the median number of CD34(+) cell in graft was 5.9 x 10(6)/kg in the control group and 7.9 x 10(6)/kg in the study group. The median number of CD3(+) cell was 48 x 10(6)/kg and 52 x 10(6)/kg respectively (P > 0.05). All patients showed 100% donor-typed hematopoietic cells after transplantation by cytogenetic evidence. Five out of fifteen patients in the control group experienced II - IV acute GVHD. While none of thirteen in the study group developed the II - IV acute GVHD. However, none in both groups developed extensive cGVHD. The median follow-up duration was 8 (3-15) months in the study group and 26 (15-36) months in control. In the study group, one patient died from transplant related mortality (CMV infection); no one relapsed; and 12/13 patients survived in disease-free situation within the period of follow-up. In the control group, six patients died from transplant related mortality (3 GVHD, 2 infection and 1 relapsed) and 9/15 patients survived in disease-free situation. The one-year probabilities of disease-free survival (DFS) in two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the transplant from haploidentical donors used CD25 antibody is effective and feasible in preventing acute severe GVHD and improving DFS. The major histocompatibility barrier in the haploidentical related allo-BMT could be crossed by donors primed with G-CSF and GVHD prophylaxis with CD25 antibody in the hosts.