Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is characterized by antibody-mediated destruction of platelets and suboptimal platelet production. Initially the treatment of ITP includes corticosteroids, IgG-anti-D, and intravenous immunoglobulins. Splenectomy and monoclonal antibodies are usually considered for refractory and chronic ITP patients. There are new data suggesting that early administration of rituximab is important, and this antibody has been used as first-line therapy in adults. In this concise review the role of rituximab and other monoclonal antibodies is analyzed. These agents have the capability of sparing splenectomy and possibly curing the disease in some patients.