简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素

目的  了解简阳市妊娠期妇女焦虑和抑郁现状, 并分析其影响因素。 方法  采用方便抽样的方法, 对简阳市妇幼保健院就诊的322名妊娠期妇女进行调查。采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale, SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale, SDS)测定其焦虑和抑郁情况, 采用社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale, SSRS)测定其获得的社会支持情况, 采用Pearson相关分析法分析焦虑、抑郁与社会支持的关系, 采用χ²检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析模型分析焦虑和抑郁的影响因素。 结果  简阳市妊娠期妇女的焦虑率为5.3%, 抑郁率为5.6%, 焦虑、抑郁与社会支持均呈负相关关系(P < 0.05);未做产前检查(OR=4.554, 95%CI:1.063~19.510)是简阳市妊娠期妇女焦虑发生的危险因素; 孕晚期(OR=5.381, 95%CI:1.422~20.363)和社会支持度一般(OR=4.150, 95%CI:1.198~14.375)是简阳市妊娠期妇女抑郁发生的危险因素, 初中(OR=0.015, 95%CI:0.001~0.275)、高中或中专(OR=0.004, 95%CI:0.001~0.128)、大专及以上学历(OR=0.053, 95%CI:0.003~0.851)是抑郁发生的保护因素。 结论  妊娠期妇女焦虑和抑郁的发生不可忽视, 可结合以上影响因素, 开展针对性的心理健康干预。

Prevalence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety among 322 pregnant women in Jianyang City

Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Jianyang City.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 322 pregnant women in Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jianyang City.The depression and anxiety of the participants were measured with self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS),and the degree of social support was measured with social support rating scale(SSRS).Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between anxiety,depression and social support.The chi square(χ~2)test and the non-conditional Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression.Results Anxiety rate and depression rate of pregnant women in Jianyang city were 5.3%and 5.6%respectively.There was a negative correlation between anxiety,depression and social support(P<0.05).Absence of prenatal examination(OR=4.554,95%CI:1.063-19.510)was a risk factor for anxiety among pregnant women in Jianyang City.Late pregnancy(OR=5.381,95%CI:1.422-20.363)and medium degree of social support(OR=4.150,95%CI:1.198-14.375)were risk factors for depression among pregnant women in Jianyang City.Junior high school(OR=0.015,95%CI:0.001-0.275),high school or technical secondary school(OR=0.004,95%CI:0.001-0.128),junior college or above(OR=0.053,95%CI:0.003-0.851)were protective factors for depression.Conclusions The prevelance of anxiety and depression in pregnant women cannot be ignored.It is important to carry out mental health intervention according to the above factors.