自报牙龈出血与高血压患病关联的研究

目的 探讨自报牙龈出血与高血压患病的关联。方法 对中国慢性病前瞻性研究浙江省桐乡市项目点基线数据进行横断面分析，剔除调查时自报曾被医生诊断患有恶性肿瘤、心脏病、脑卒中和糖尿病患者，以及不刷牙的调查对象后，纳入分析30~79岁48 625人。采用logistic回归模型分析自报牙龈出血与高血压患病之间的比值比（OR）。结果 调查对象年龄（51.2±9.2）岁，女性占59.2%。42.9%（20 879人）患有高血压。自报牙龈经常出血的人群比例为6.56%（95%CI：6.38%~6.75%），其中男性为4.36%（95%CI：4.12%~4.60%），女性为8.08%（95%CI：7.82%~8.35%），性别差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。在调整了人口社会学因素，行为生活方式、睡眠时间、BMI、腰围和打鼾等多种危险因素后，和从不/很少牙龈出血的男性相比，有时牙龈出血和经常牙龈出血的男性高血压患病的OR值（95%CI）分别为1.04（0.96~1.12）和1.18（1.02~1.37），差异有统计学意义（趋势性P=0.038）。在女性中，相应的高血压患病的OR值（95%CI）分别为0.96（0.91~1.02）和0.95（0.86~1.05），差异无统计学意义（趋势性P=0.344）。结论 男性自报牙龈经常出血与高血压患病显著相关。

Association between self-reported gingival bleeding and prevalent hypertension among adults in a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province

Objective To explore the association between self-reported gingival bleeding and prevalent hypertension among adults in Zhejiang with a cross-sectional study. Methods After excluding participants with self-reported, physician-diagnosed heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and those who never or rarely brush their teeth at baseline study, 48 625 participants aged 30-79 in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study from Tongxiang, Zhejiang were included for the final analysis. Three multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the associations of self-reported gingival bleeding with prevalent hypertension. Results The mean age of women was (51.2±9.2) years, and 42.9% of participants had prevalent hypertension. The percentage of self-reported frequent gingival bleeding was 6.56% (95%CI:6.38%-6.75%), significantly higher among women (8.08%, 95%CI:7.82%-8.35%) than among men (4.36%, 95%CI:4.12%-4.60%) (P<0.001). After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, behavioral lifestyle, sleep duration, BMI, waist circumference, snoring, in comparison with men whose gingivae never or rarely bleed while brushing teeth, the odds ratio (95%CI) of hypertension for those with occasional, and frequent gingival bleeding were 1.04 (0.96-1.12) and 1.18 (1.02-1.37), respectively (trend P =0.038). The corresponding figures for women were 0.96 (0.91-1.02) and 0.95 (0.86-1.05), respectively (trend P=0.344). Conclusion Frequent gingival bleeding was positively associated with prevalent hypertension among men.