中国10个地区成年人膳食模式与低肌肉重量、力量和质量的相关性分析

目的 探索我国成年人主要膳食模式与低肌肉重量、力量和质量的关系。方法 基于中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）项目第二次重复调查，对20个食物组进行因子分析提取膳食模式。将四肢肌肉重量指数（ASMI）、全身肌肉重量指数（TSMI）、手握力和上肢肌肉质量（AMQ）分性别的最低五分位数作为判断低肌肉重量、力量和质量的截断值。采用logistic回归分析膳食模式与低肌肉重量、力量和质量的相关性。结果 提取出2种主要膳食模式，平衡膳食模式以摄入多种食物为特征，米肉膳食模式以摄入大米、肉类、家禽和鱼类较多为特点。平衡膳食模式得分高者，低TSMI、低手握力和低AMQ的危险性降低，对应OR值（95%CI）分别为0.83（0.74~0.95）、0.64（0.56~0.74）和0.82（0.72~0.93），且关联具有线性趋势（P<0.05）；米肉膳食模式得分高者，低ASMI、低TSMI和低手握力的危险性更低，OR值（95%CI）分别为0.67（0.55~0.82）、0.69（0.56~0.85）和0.74（0.60~0.91），且关联具有线性趋势（P<0.05）。结论 平衡膳食模式和米肉膳食模式得分较高者的肌肉重量、力量和质量更高。

The correlation of dietary patterns with low muscle mass, strength and quality in adults from 10 regions of China

Objective To evaluate the correlation of dietary patterns with low muscle mass, strength and quality in Chinese adults. Methods Based on the second resurvey of China Kadoorie Biobank, factor analysis was conducted to derive dietary patterns from 20 food groups. Low muscle mass, strength, and quality were defined as the sex-specific lowest quintile of appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), total skeletal muscle mass index (TSMI), handgrip strength and arm muscle quality (AMQ) according to Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia recommendations. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the correlation of dietary patterns with low muscle mass, strength, and quality. Results Two major dietary patterns were extracted. The balanced dietary pattern was characterized by the intake of a variety of foods, whereas the rice-meat dietary pattern was characterized by high intakes of rice, meat, poultry and fish. Individuals who had the highest quintile score of the balanced dietary pattern were less likely to have low TSMI, handgrip strength or AMQ(OR=0.83, 95%CI:0.74-0.95 for low TSMI; OR=0.64, 95%CI:0.56-0.74 for low handgrip strength; OR=0.82, 95%CI:0.72-0.93 for low AMQ; for trend P<0.05). And those who scored higher on the rice-meat dietary pattern had lower risk of low muscle mass and strength (OR=0.67, 95%CI:0.55-0.82 for low ASMI; OR=0.69, 95%CI:0.56-0.85 for low TSMI; OR=0.74, 95%CI:0.60-0.91 for low handgrip strength; for trend P<0.05).Conclusion Individuals followed the balanced dietary pattern, as well as those who followed the rice-meat dietary pattern, had better levels of skeletal muscle mass, strength and quality.