新媒体背景下军校学员健康素养与生活方式相关性

目的  了解新媒体背景下军校学员接受新媒体信息及其健康素养和健康生活方式情况及之间的关系, 为军校学员开展健康教育提供依据。 方法  采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取某军校学员1 043名为调查对象, 使用调查问卷进行调查。 结果  军校学员健康素养得分为(46.74±10.76)分, 其中基本知识与理念、健康生活方式和行为、健康技能3个维度素养得分分别为(22.26±5.00)分、(13.38±3.56)分和(11.11±3.31)分; 对新媒体认知度、信任度、利用度得分分别为(14.22±4.00)分、(20.49±4.05)分和(30.59±7.28)分; 健康生活方式各方面得分分别为锻炼行为(19.33±3.84)分、生活行为(16.24±2.91)分、饮食行为(13.51±2.67)分、健康危险行为(16.42±3.70)分和健康责任行为(25.7±4.11)分。结构方程模型拟合优度较好[渐进残差均方和平方根(root mean square error of approximation, RMSEA=0.06);良适性适配指标(goodness of fit index, GFI)为0.95;赋范拟合指数(normed fit index, NFI)为0.93]。接受新媒体健康信息对健康生活方式的总效应系数为0.439, 其中直接作用为0.380, 间接作用为0.059;新媒体对健康素养的直接作用为0.164, 健康素养对健康生活方式的直接作用为0.360。 结论  新媒体对健康生活方式的作用效果高于健康素养, 但健康素养与健康生活方式相关程度最高。应加强新媒体对健康信息的传播, 提高学员健康素养, 形成健康的生活方式。

The correlation between health literacy and health lifestyle of military college students from the perspective of new media

  Objective  To understand the correlation between health literacy and health lifestyle of military college students from the perspective of new media, so as to provide scientific basis for a comprehensive health education to improve health literacy and healthy lifestyle.  Methods  One thousand and forty three military college students were selected by cluster random sampling to participate in a questionnaire survey.  Results  The overall health literacy score was(46.74±10.76). In terms of three aspects of health literacy, the score of basic health concept and knowledge was(22.26±5.00), the score of healthy lifestyle and behaviors was(13.38±3.56), and the score of health-related skill was(11.11±3.31). The scores of awareness, trust and utilization of new media were(14.22±4.00), (20.49±4.05) and(30.59±7.28), respectively. The scores of healthy lifestyle, including exercise behavior, life behavior eating behavior, health risk behavior and health responsibility behavior were(19.33±3.84), (16.24±2.91), (13.51±2.67), (16.42±3.70) and(25.7±4.11), respectively. Fitting degree of this structural equation model was good(root mean square error of approximation, RMSEA=0.06;goodness of fit index, GFI=0.95; normed fit index, NFI=0.93).The total effect coefficient of receiving health information from new media on healthy lifestyle was 0.439, of which the direct effect was 0.380 and the indirect effect was 0.059. The direct effect of new media on health literacy was 0.164, while the direct effect of health literacy on healthy lifestyle was 0.360.  Conclusions  The effect of new media on healthy lifestyle is higher than that on health literacy, but health literacy has the highest correlation with healthy lifestyle.The dissemination of health information by new media should be strengthened to improve students' health literacy and lifestyle.