贵州黔南民族地区农村60岁以上老年人衰弱现况及影响因素

  目的  了解贵州黔南民族地区农村老年人衰弱现况及分析其影响因素，为提高老年人的健康水平及生命质量提供理论依据。  方法  采用多阶段整群抽样方法在贵州黔南民族地区3个镇10个村抽取1 352名农村老年人进行问卷调查，采用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析，单因素分析采用χ2检验；多因素分析采用二分类Logistic回归分析模型分析。  结果  贵州黔南民族地区1 352名农村老年人中衰弱者497人，衰弱率为36.76%；Logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示，民族（β=0.40，OR=1.49，95% CI:1.16~1.91，P＜0.001）、年龄（β=0.27，OR=1.31，95% CI:1.09~1.57，P＜0.001）、家庭年收入（β=-0.28，OR=0.76，95% CI:0.67~0.86，P＜0.001）、饮食类型（β=0.29，OR=1.33，95% CI:1.17~1.52，P＜0.001）、居住情况（β=-0.76，OR=0.47，95% CI:0.32~0.69，P＜0.001）、慢性病（β=1.01，OR=2.75，95% CI:2.10~3.60，P＜0.001）和日常生活功能状况（β=0.78，OR=2.17，95% CI:1.66~2.85，P＜0.001）是影响该地区老年人衰弱的主要因素。  结论  贵州黔南民族地区农村老年人衰弱严重程度相对较高，尤其高龄、少数民族、日常生活活动能力受损及患慢性病老年人是衰弱防治的重点人群，应积极开展慢性病管理及老年人合理膳食的指导，引导老年人形成健康的生活方式，以预防或延缓老年人衰弱的发生发展。

Investigate frailty status and analysis its influencing factors of the elderly in Qiannan rural minority arears of Guizhou

  Objective  To investigate the frailty status and to analyze its influencing factors of elderly in Qiannan rural minority areas, in order to provide reference for improving health condition and the life of quality of elderly.  Methods  Multilevel sampling investigation was used. 1 352 elderly were selected from 10 villages of 3 towns in Qiannan. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used.  Results  The prevalence of elderly frailty was 36.76% in Qiannan minority areas. Logistic model showed that ethnic(β=0.40, OR=1.49, 95% CI:1.16-1.91, P < 0.001), age (β=0.27, OR=1.31, 95% CI:1.09-1.57, P < 0.001), annual family income (β=-0.28, OR=0.76, 95% CI:0.67-0.86, P < 0.001), diet type (β=0.29, OR=1.33, 95% CI:1.17~1.52, P < 0.001), living conditions (β=-0.76, OR=0.47, 95% CI:0.32~0.69, P < 0.001), chronic diseases (β=1.01, OR=2.75, 95% CI:2.10-3.60, P < 0.001) and daily living function (β=0.78, OR=2.17, 95% CI:1.66-2.85, P < 0.001) were the main influencing factors of the frailty in Qiannan minority areas.  Conclusions  The frailty status are relatively serious of elderly in this areas. The elderly who are ethnic minorities, have chronic disease and dis-function of daily living ability are high risk groups. Health education, healthy lifestyle education and chronic disease management should be carried out by the primary medical institutions, so as to promote their health level and quality of life.