湘西少数民族地区高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状及其影响因素

目的  了解湘西少数民族地区高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状, 探讨其可能的影响因素。 方法  应用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取湘西少数民族地区≥35岁的428名个体进行调查, 分析高血压患者高血压知晓、治疗和控制情况, 并采用多因素Logistic回归分析模型分析其可能的影响因素。 结果  湘西少数民族地区高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为52.34%(95%CI:47.6%~57.1%)、59.38%(95%CI:52.9%~65.9%)、44.20%(95%CI:37.6%~50.8%)和8.48%(95%CI:4.8%~12.2%)。多因素Logistic回归分析模型结果显示, 年龄是高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的共同影响因素(均有P < 0.05)。男性(OR=2.481, 95%CI:1.308~4.703)高血压知晓率低于女性; 超重者和每年至少测量一次血压者其高血压知晓率和治疗率较高(均有P < 0.05)。而有慢性疾病史者(OR=0.269, 95%CI:0.090~0.808)高血压控制率高于无慢性疾病史者。 结论  湘西少数民族地区35岁及以上居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率总体上仍处于较低水平, 尤其是血压控制率低。

Awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of hypertension and its influencing factors in Xiangxi minority areas

  Objective  To understand the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in Xiangxi minority areas, and explore the possible influencing factors.  Methods  Using the multi-stage random sampling method, 428 individuals ≥35 years old in Xiangxi minority areas were selected for investigation. The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in hypertensive patient were analyzed. Meanwhile, multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the possible influencing factors.  Results  The prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 52.34%(95% CI:47.6%-57.1%), 59.38%(95% CI:52.9%-65.9%), 44.20%(95% CI:37.6%-50.8%)and 8.48%(95%CI:4.8%-12.2%), respectively. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the common influencing determinant of hypertension awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate(all P < 0.05). The hypertension awareness rate of the males(OR=2.481, 95% CI: 1.308-4.703) was lower than that of the females. Overweight patients and those whose blood pressure was measured at least once a year had higher rates of hypertension awareness and treatment(all P < 0.05). However, patients with a history of chronic diseases(OR=0.269, 95% CI: 0.090-0.808) had a higher hypertension control rate than those without a history of chronic diseases.  Conclusions  The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in residents over 35 years old are still at a low level, especially the blood pressure control rate.