山西省不同性别人群膳食模式与高血压关系

目的 按性别分层探讨膳食模式与高血压的关系。 方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法，对山西省2 667名男性和2 982名女性开展膳食营养调查，通过包含64个食物组的食物频率调查问卷（food frequency questionnaire，FFQ）评估各食物的摄入量，并用因子分析法提取并命名膳食模式。在不同性别人群中，采用Logistic回归分析模型分析高血压与膳食模式的关系。 结果 男性提取出4个膳食模式，分别是高蛋白模式、高脂甜食模式、谷薯腌菜模式、蔬菜水果模式；女性提取出5个膳食模式，分别是低碳水化合物模式、谷物蔬菜模式、高蛋白模式、高脂甜食模式、薯类腌菜模式。其中，有3个相似的膳食模式，分别为高蛋白模式、高脂甜食模式、谷薯腌菜模式。Logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示，男性高脂甜食模式OR=1.361（95% CI：1.069~1.732，P=0.012），女性低碳水化合物模式OR=1.357（95% CI：1.064~1.731，P=0.014）。 结论 不同性别人群膳食模式与高血压关系存在一定差异。其中，男性的高脂甜食模式和女性的低碳水化合物模式可能会增加高血压的患病风险。

The study on the association between dietary pattern and the incidence of hypertension in different genders in Shanxi Province

  Objective   The purpose of this study was to examined gender differences in the association between dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension.   Methods   A multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to carry out a dietary nutrition survey on 2 667 males and 2 982 females in Shanxi Province. The intake of each food was evaluated by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 64 food groups, and the dietary patterns were extracted and named by factor a-nalysis. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between hypertension and dietary patterns in different genders.   Resultsc   Four dietary patterns were derived in men:high protein pattern; high fat and sweet pattern; grain, potato and pickles pattern; vegetable and fruit pattern; Five dietary patterns were derived in women:low carbohydrate pattern; grain and vegetable pattern; high protein pattern; high fat and sweet pattern; potato pickles pattern. There are three similar dietary patterns:high protein pattern; high fat and sweet pattern; potato and pickles pattern. The results of the Logistic regression model analysis showed that OR=1.361(95% CI:1.069-1.732, P=0.012) for high fat and sweet pattern of man, OR=1.357(95% CI:1.064-1.731, P=0.014) for low carbohydrate pattern of woman.   Conclusions   The relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension is different between man and woman. High fat and sweet pattern of man and low carbohydrate pattern of woman may increase the risk of hypertension.