天津市吸烟成年人膳食平衡指数及与血尿酸关系的研究

目的:通过膳食平衡指数（DBI_16）评价天津市吸烟成年人膳食状况，并分析与血尿酸的关系。方法:在天津市共计调查1 478名成年人，使用3 d膳食回顾法和调味品称重法相结合获得膳食状况，并收集其空腹静脉血检测血尿酸。描述吸烟者与非吸烟者各类食物摄入状况及DBI_16评分，并分析吸烟、膳食质量距（DQD-DBI）与血尿酸...

Study on the diet balance index and its relationship with blood uric acid of smoking adults in Tianjin

Objective Diet balance index (DBI_16) was used to evaluate the dietary status of smoking adults in Tianjin, and the relationship between DBI_16 and serum uric acid was analyzed.Methods A total of 1 478 inhabitants aged 18 and above were enrolled. The dietary status was obtained with a 3-day dietary recall and condiment weighing method. And their fasting venous blood was collected to detect uric acid. Food intake and DBI_16 scores of smokers and non-smokers were described, and the relationship among smoking, diet quality distance (DQD-DBI), and serum uric acid was analyzed. Results The intake of vegetables, fruits, and milk of smokers in Tianjin was lower than while the salt, oil, cereals, and aquatic products were higher than that of non-smokers. The DBI_16 scores of vegetables and fruits, food types, milk, and beans of smokers were lower than those of non-smokers in Tianjin, and the scores of pure energy foods and condiments were higher than those of the non-smokers. The DQD-DBI, high bound score and low bound score of smokers in Tianjin were 42.0, 14.0, and 29.0 respectively, which were all higher than those of non-smokers. The main problems appeared as moderately inadequate intake (accounting for 67.0%), low, excessive intake (accounting for 70.9%), and moderate imbalance of intake (accounting for 67.2%). The serum uric acid of smokers was higher than in the non-smokers, and there the same result appeared under the conditions of "not suitable" in DQD-DBI. Conclusions In Tianjin, the dietary imbalance was more evident in smokers than the non-smokers, and the serum uric acid was significantly higher than the non-smokers. Strategies as strengthening the nutrition education and intervention targeted for smokers were in urgent need.