肠道菌群在非酒精性脂肪性肝病发病机制中的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病已成为美国及世界范围内肝功能损害最常见的原因。肠道菌群与其发病机制密切相关。肠道菌群的构成与功能的改变通过Toll样受体4(TLR4)特异性识别脂多糖,并激活炎症相关基因的活性,促使肝脏慢性炎症的产生,诱导肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病,最终导致非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发生与发展。肝脏线粒体功能障碍与小肠细菌的过度生长也被证实在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的形成中起重要作用。

Research Progress on Intestinal Flora in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has become the most common reason for liver damage in the United States and around the world. Intestinal flora is closely associated with the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Changes in constitute and function of intestinal flora through Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）specifically recognizing LPS, and activating inflammation related genes, cause chronic inflammation of the liver, induce obesity,insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, which eventually result in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The liver mitochondrial dysfunction and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth have also been proved to play an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.