肢体缺血/再灌注损伤的研究进展

肢体缺血/再灌注(LIR)损伤包括肢体缺血损伤和再灌注损伤。止血带止血、休克、断肢再植、组织移植等均经历此过程。LIR损伤不但可引起患肢骨骼肌水肿、纤维化、患肢坏死,而且可影响全身各系统,严重时甚至导致多器官功能衰竭,危及生命。过去的研究一直认为LIR损伤机制是由氧自由基、钙超载和中性粒细胞介导等途径引发的,但近些年研究发现一氧化氮、抗凋亡基因等多种因子在LIR损伤机制中也起着重要作用,提示LIR损伤是多方面因素共同作用的结果。

The Progress of Study on Limb Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

The limb isehemia/reperfusion injury（LIR） includes limb isehemia injury and reperfusion injury. Tourniquet hemostasis, shock, replantation, tissue transplant and so on ＇all need to go through this process. LIR damage not only can cause edema of limb skeletal muscle,limb necrosis, fibrosis, but also can affect the whole body＇s systems ,which may even lead to multiple organs failure and endanger life if serious. Past research has always considered oxygen free radical, calcium overload and ueutrophil mediated pathway as the LIR injury mechanisms. But in recent years, studies found that nitric oxide, apoptosis resistance genes and other factors also play an important role in LIR injury mechanism, indicating that LIR injury is the outcome of combined action of various factors.