成年人预防痴呆健康信念现状及影响因素研究

目的了解成年人预防痴呆健康信念现状及其影响因素,为制定痴呆一级预防策略提供参考。方法采用一般情况调查表、痴呆预防知识问卷、中文版改变生活方式和健康行为以降低痴呆风险动机量表对666名中西部地区18岁以上成年人进行网络调查。结果成年人预防痴呆健康信念总得分为(93.31±12.84)分,7个维度中总体健康动机得分最高,易感性及严重性感知得分较低。回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、痴呆家族史及痴呆预防知识是成年人预防痴呆健康信念的主要影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论中西部地区成年人预防痴呆健康信念处于中等水平,且受多种因素影响,应重点关注男性、中青年人群及有痴呆家族史者,多渠道加强痴呆预防知识宣教,以增强人们预防痴呆的健康信念、促进痴呆预防行为。

Dementia-preventing health belief and its influencing factors among adults

Objective To understand adults'dementia-preventing health belief and its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for developing primary prevention strategies for dementia.Methods A total of 666 adults from the central and western regions of China were investigated through web using the general information questionnaire,dementia prevention knowledge questionnaire and Chinese version of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviours for Dementia Risk Reduction scale(MCLHB-DRR).Results The total score of MCLHB-DRR in the adults was 93.31±12.84,and among the 7 subscales,the subscale of general health motivation scored the highest,and perceived susceptibility and severity scored the lowest.Regression analysis result showed that,gender,age,family history of dementia and dementia prevention knowledge level were the main factors influencing adults'dementia-preventing health belief(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The dementia-preventing health belief among adults in central and western regions of China is at a medium level,and it is affected by multiple factors.It is necessary to pay attention to the male,middle-aged and young people and the adults with a family history of dementia,and strengthen health education of dementia prevention knowledge through multiple channels,so as to enhance people's health belief in dementia prevention and improve their dementia prevention behavior.