腹式呼吸对大学生情绪生理指标的影响

目的:探讨腹式呼吸和自然呼吸两种不同呼吸方式对普通大学生皮温(TEMP)、皮电(SC)和心率变异性(HRV)等情绪生理指标的影响。方法:采用单盲实验设计,选取30名普通在校大学生(男14人,女16人,年龄19.6±0.77),随机分为两组,每组15人:实验组(腹式呼吸组,男6人,女9人)和控制组(自然呼吸组,男8人,女7人);实验分为3个阶段:基线期5分钟、实验期15分钟、恢复期5分钟,共25分钟。分别取第3～5分钟(时长2分钟)、第14.5～19.5分钟(时长5分钟)和第23～25分钟(时长2分钟)的平均值作为实验数据进行分析。其中实验组基线期和恢复期采用自然呼吸方法,实验期采用顺腹式呼吸方法;控制组均为自然呼吸。结果:(1)实验组和控制组在基线期皮电、皮温、心率变异性均无显著差异(P>0.05);(2)实验期实验组皮电值在接近显著性水平上高于控制组(P=0.05),而皮温和心率变异性则无显著性差异(P>0.05);(3)恢复期实验组皮电值高于控制组,且差异显著(P<0.05),而皮肤温度和心率变异性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:单纯腹式呼吸与自然呼吸对大学生情绪生理指标皮温、皮电和心率变异性的影响无显著性差异。

The Effect of Abdominal Respiration on the Emotion-related Biological Indicators in College Students

Objective This study is to examine the effect of different breathing patterns (abdominal respiration,natural respiration)on skin temperature(TEMP),skin conductivity(SC) and heart rate variability (HRV) in college students.Methods We use single blind trial in the study,and randomly select thirty students,including fourteen male and sixteen female,aged 19.6±0.77 years,and then randomly divide them into two groups:the intervention group (abdominal respiration group,6 males and 9 females) and the control group(natural respiration group,8 males and 7 females).In the study three phases are included:baseline phase(five minutes),test phase(fifteen minutes),recovery phase(five minutes).Data of above indicators was collected at 3-5 min,14.5-19.5 min,and 23-25 min,respectively,during the study.Results (1) There are no significant difierences of all three indicators between the two groups in the baseline phase(P<0.05).(2)The SC of the test phase in the intervention group is lower than in the control group (P=0.05),while the TEMP and HRV of the two groups show no significant differences(P>0.05).(3)There are no significant differences of TEMP and the HRV in the recovery phase between the two groups(P>0.05),except the SC (P<0.05).Conclusion No significant difference is observed between the influences of abdominal and natural respiration on the emotion-related biological indicators.