儿童乳糖酶缺乏的临床评价

目的　探讨健康儿童乳糖吸收不良 (LM )和乳糖不耐受 (LI)的发生率与年龄的关系 ;研究感染性腹泻LM和LI的发生与临床特征。方法　随机选择健康儿童 138名 ,男 72名 ,女 6 6名 ,年龄为 4个月至 12岁 ,和感染性腹泻患儿 95名 ,男 5 9名 ,女 36名 ,年龄为 2个月至 4岁。采用乙醇乳糖耐量试验 (LTTE)尿半乳糖 (U gal)测定法与症状反应评分 (SRS)进行判断。结果　 138名儿童中LM和LI的发生率 :<4岁、4～ 5岁、6～ 7岁、8～ 9岁、10～ 12岁分别为 10 %、5 0 %、6 9.6 %、87%和 91.7%。 <4岁组LM和LI发生率明显低于其它各组 (P <0 .0 1)。 95名感染性腹泻患儿LM和LI的发生率和恢复率与腹泻病原有关。轮状病毒肠炎 ,大约 4周可痊愈。结论　健康儿童LM和LI发生率 4岁后明显增加 ;感染性腹泻儿童LM和LI的发生率与感染原有关 ,腹泻期免乳糖食品值得推荐

Clinical evaluation of lactase deficiency in children

Objective To explore the relationship between the incidence rate of lactose malabsorption (LM) and lactose intolerance (LI) and the age of healthy children and to study the incidence of LM and LI and clinical characteristics in the children with infectious diarrhea. Methods One hundred and thirty eight healthy children aged from 4 months to 12 years old (male 72,female 66) and 95 child with infectious diarrhea ranging from 2 months to 4 years of age (male 59, female 36) were randomly selected in this study. The content of urinary galactose (U gal) of all the children was determined with lactase tolerance test with ethanol(LTTE). Symptom reaction score (SRS) was also recorded to evaluate the relationship. Results The incidence rates of LM and LI in healthy children were 10%(<4 years old), 50%(4 to 5), 69% (6 to 7), 87% (8 to 9) and 91.75 (10 to 12) respectively. The incidence rate of LM and LI was significantly lower in those less than 4 years old than in those more than this age ( P < 0.01). The incidence and recovery rates of LM and LI in diarrheic children were correlative to the pathogen of diarrhea. The recovery rate of rotavirus enteritis was 88% in the duration of 4 weeks. Conclusion The incidence rate of LM and LI increases obviously in those healthy children beyond 4 years of age. The incidence and recovery rate of LM and LI in diarrheic children is correlative to the infectious pathogen. A diet without lactose should be recommended for those children in the early stage of diarrhea.