经颅多普勒和P300检测评价老年糖尿病患者并发脑血管病变和认知功能的意义

目的　探讨老年糖尿病患者并发脑血管病变和认知功能的意义。方法　对 80例老年糖尿病患者及 6 0例年龄和性别相匹配的健康老年志愿者进行经颅多普勒 (TCD)和P30 0测试。结果　糖尿病患者颈内动脉颅外段血流速度明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。糖尿病并腔隙性脑梗死患者的动脉搏动指数明显高于无脑梗死组和对照组 (P<0 .0 1)。搏动指数与病程密切相关 (r =0 .4 9)。糖尿病并腔隙性脑梗死组与无脑梗死组和对照组比较 ,P30 0潜伏期显著延长 ,波幅降低 (P <0 .0 1)。糖尿病组P30 0潜伏期和波幅与糖尿病病程长短和有无高血压无明显相关性。结论　采用TCD、P30 0检测评价老年糖尿病患者的脑血管病变和大脑认知功能对临床有一定意义。

Significance of evaluation of cerebrovascular lesion and cognitive function in elderly diabetics by TCD and P300

Objective To evaluate cerebrovascular lesion and cognitive function in the aged patients with diabetes mellitus(DM) by transcranial Doppler(TCD) and P300.Methods TCD and P300 examinations wene carried out in 80 elderly DM patients and 60 age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers. Results The blood flow velocity of extracranial segment of internal carotid artery in DM patients was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.01).The arterial pulsatility index was significantly higher in patients with lacunar infarction than in those without lacunar infarction as well as in controls(P<0.01). The pulsatility index was closely correlated with the duration of DM (r=0.49).The prolongation of latency and reduction of amplitude of P300 were much more obvious in DM patients with lacunar infarction than those without lacunar infarction and controls(P<0.01).The amplitude and latency of P300 in DM patients did not correlate with the disease course and hypertension.Conclusions Analysis of TCD and P300 might be of some clinical significance in determining cerebrovascular lesion and cognitive function in aged DM patient.