2011年武汉市居民健康素养状况及影响因素分析

目的了解武汉市居民健康素养状况，为制定有针对性的健康素养干预策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对湖北省武汉市3000名15—69岁居民进行问卷调查，利用健康素养综合指数进行评价及影响因素分析。结果武汉居民健康素养综合指数为（0．724-0．15），健康知识、健康行为和健康技能指数分别为（O．73±0．18）、（O．60±0．19）和（0．68±0．23）。城市居民健康素养综合指数（O．76±0．13）高于农村居民（0．72±0．14）；自我感觉健康状况好的居民（0．734-0．14）高于自我感觉差的居民（0．66±0．17）；不同文化程度和年龄人群的健康素养综合指数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。影响武汉居民健康素养的因素主要有性别（OR=1．28），年龄的31～加岁组、41—50岁组和61～69岁组（OR值分别为1．74、1．71和1．61）。文化程度的小学、初中、高中／职高／中专和大专／本科（OR值分别为0．04、O．10、0．20和0．39）、是否从事医疗卫生工作（OR=0．09）、经济收入的2000～4999元组、5000～9999元组和〉10000元组（OR值分别为1．97、1．92和2．04）。结论武汉市居民健康素养总体处于中等水平，应有针对性的加强居民主要健康行为指导与干预是健康教育的重要内容之一。

Study on health literacy and its influencing factors among Wuhan residents in 2011

Objective To investigate status of health literacy among Wuhan residents, and provide scientific ba- sis for developing intervention strategy. Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling method was carried out to select sample populatiorL 3000 residents aged 15 to 69 years old participated in questionnaire survey. Health literacy synthetic index （SI） was used to evaluate health literacy status and analyze its influencing factors. Results The health literacy SI among Wuhan residents was （0. 72 ＋0. 15）. The 3 partial indexes including knowledge, behaviors, skills were （0. 73 ~0. 18）, （0. 60 ~0. 19）, and （0. 68 ~0. 23）, respectively. SI among urban residents （0. 76 ~0. 13） were higher than that of ru- ral residents （0. 72 ~0. 14）. SI among residents with good self sensation （0. 73 ~0. 14） on health status was higher than that of poor residents （0. 66 ~0. 17）. SI among different education levels and age groups had statistical difference （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Gender （ OR = 1.28 ）, age groups of 31 - 40, 41 - 50 and 61 - 69 （ OR were 1.74, 1.71 and 1.61, respective- ly）, education degrees of primary school, junior middle school and senior middle school/vocational high school/polytech- nic school and college or bachelor degree （ OR were O. 04, 0. 10, 0. 20 and 0. 39, respectively）, engaged in medical work （ OR --0. 09） and income groups of 2000 -4999 RMB, 5000 - 9999 RMB and 10 000 RMB above （ OR were 1.97, 1.92 and 2.04, respectively） were found as main influencing factors associated with health literacy by logistic regression a- nalysis. Conclusion The level of health literacy among Wuhan residents was at middle level, health behavior guidance and intervention should be one of the important contents of health education to improve residents health behavior.