新兵接种麻腮风疫苗的免疫效果、影响因素及认知研究

目的:了解部队新兵接种麻腮风疫苗（MMR）的免疫效果、影响因素及对预防接种的态度。方法:采用整群抽样的方法选择驻广东某部2017年9月入伍的2个新兵营作为研究对象。选择新兵营一396人开展麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗免疫效果及影响因素研究，选择新兵营二473人开展疫苗的认知调查。对新兵接种MMR前后的抗体滴度进行检测，并开展问...

Immunogenicity and influencing factors of measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccine and cognition of vaccination in recruits

Objective　To evacuate theimmunogenicity of measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccine (MMR), explore itsinfluencing factors, and survey the attitude to vaccination in recruits. Methods　Thecluster sampling method was used to select recruits from two boot campsstationed in Guangdong in September 2017 as the research objects. A total of396 people from the boot camp 1 were selected to study the immunogenicity andinfluencing factors of MMR, and a cognitive survey of vaccine was conducted in473 people from the boot camp 2. The recruits' antibody titers before and afterMMR vaccination were tested, and a questionnaire survey was conducted. χ² test was used to analyzethe difference of antibody positive rate before and after vaccination. Afterdata transformation, normality test, and homogeneity test of variance, theantibody geometric mean concentration (GMC) was statistically analyzed byindependent sample t test or F test. Results　After MMR vaccination,the antibody positive conversion rates of measles, mumps, and rubella in the396 people from the boot camp 1 were 100.00%, and the antibody GMC of measles,mumps, and rubella were 1 191.67 mIU/ml, 1 663.62 U/ml, and 144.59 IU/mlrespectively, which were 1.73 times, 4.79 times, and 4.09 times of those beforevaccination. The antibody levels after vaccination were significantly higherthan those before vaccination (all P<0.05).After vaccination, the antibody GMC of the soldiers with negative antibodybefore vaccination was lower than those with positive antibody beforevaccination, and the difference was statistically significant in the mumps andrubella (both P<0.05). The studyfound that age, nationality, education background, place of enlistment, familyeconomic status, smoking, drinking, work before enlistment, intimate contactwith the opposite sex, and chronic gastroenteritis had no significant effectson the antibody concentration after MMR vaccination. According to the survey,the vast majority of people in the boot camp 2 wanted to know the knowledgerelated to the vaccine [97.25% (460/473)] and believed that vaccination couldeffectively prevent the corresponding diseases [90.49% (428/473)], but only72.52% (343/473) were willing to inoculate vaccine. The main reason for theirreluctance was vaccine safety (53.85%). Conclusions　Domestic MMR can produce good immunogenicityin recruits. Vaccine security events make a negative influence on vaccinationwillingness, and the publicity and education of vaccination in troops should bestrengthened.