循经取穴贴敷疗法预防腰椎内固定融合术后恶心呕吐的效果观察

目的　观察循经取穴贴敷疗法联合中医护理预防腰椎术后恶心呕吐的效果。方法　选取2020年6月至12月在广东省中医院大德路总院骨一科的连续入院患者94例，采用随机对照研究方法将其分为对照组46例和观察组48例。对照组男14例、女32例，年龄（58.35±10.29）岁，给予常规中医护理；观察组男22例、女26例，年龄（59.67±10.74）岁，于对照组基础上增加循经取穴贴敷疗法。两组均在术后观察记录恶心呕吐发生率并评估恶心程度，比较穴位贴敷防治效果。等级资料采用非参数度秩和检验，计数资料采用χ²检验，计量资料采用独立样本t检验。结果　观察组恶心、呕吐发生率分别为18.8%（9/48）、8.3%（4/48），均低于对照组41.3%（19/46）、23.9%（11/46），差异均有统计学意义（χ²=5.713、4.251，P=0.017、0.039）。观察组发生轻度、中度、重度恶心比例分别为14.6%（7/48）、4.2%（2/48）、0.0%（0/48），低于对照组的19.6%（9/46）、15.2%（7/46）、6.5%（3/46），差异有统计学意义（Z=2.837，P=0.005）。结论　循经取穴穴位贴敷防治腰椎术后恶心呕吐效果明显，利于术后胃肠功能恢复。

Effect of acupoint selection and application along the meridians in preventing nausea and vomiting after lumbar internal fixation and fusion

Objective　To observe the effect of acupoint selection and application along the meridians combined with traditional Chinese medicine nursing in preventing nausea and vomiting after lumbar surgery. Methods　A total of 94 consecutive inpatients in the No.1 Department of Orthopedics, Dade Road General Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June to December 2020 were selected, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group by the randomized controlled research method. The observation group consisted of 48 cases, including 22 males and 26 females, with an age of (59.67±10.74) years old; the control group consisted of 46 cases, including 14 males and 32 females, with an age of (58.35±10.29) years old. The control group was given routine traditional Chinese medicine nursing, and the observation group was given acupoint selection and application therapy along the meridians on the basis of the control group. The incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting were observed and the degree of nausea was evaluated in both groups. Nonparametric rank sum test was used for the grade data, χ² test was used for the count data, and independent sample t test was used for the measurement data. Results　The incidences of nausea and vomiting in the observation group were 18.8% (9/48) and 8.3% (4/48), respectively, which were lower than those in the control group 41.3% (19/46) and 23.9% (11/46)], with statistically significant differences (χ²=5.713, 4.251; P=0.017, 0.039). The incidences of mild, moderate, and severe nausea in the observation group were 14.6% (7/48), 4.2% (2/48), and 0.0% (0/48), respectively, which were lower than 19.6% (9/46), 15.2% (7/46), and 6.5% (3/46) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (Z=2.837, P=0.005). Conclusion　Acupoint selection and application along the meridians has an obvious effect in the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting, which is conducive to the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function.