新冠肺炎疫情期间医疗机构工作人员心理健康状况及与职业倦怠的关系

目的:探究新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间医疗机构工作人员的心理健康状况及与职业倦怠的关系。方法:采用现况研究方法于2020年2月25日至3月25日对宁夏医疗机构工作人员进行问卷调查,包括自编一般情况调查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、安全感量表(SQ)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、自尊量表(SES)和职业倦怠量表(MBI)。结果:疫情期间医疗机构工作人员睡眠障碍、抑郁症状、焦虑症状及职业倦怠的检出率分别为72.8%、34.6%、22.2%及54.3%。无序多分类Logistic回归分析显示,有抑郁症状、消极应对、低自我效能感、自尊水平低者更易出现轻度职业倦怠;援鄂一线医务人员、有睡眠障碍、抑郁症状、消极应对、自尊水平低者更易出现中重度职业倦怠(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:新冠肺炎疫情期间医疗机构工作人员心理问题发生频率较高,有抑郁症状、消极应对、低自我效能感、自尊水平低以及援鄂一线医务人员是职业倦怠影响因素。

The relationship between mental health status and job burnout of medical staffs during the outbreak of COVID-19

Objective:To explore the relationship between mental health status and job burnout of medical staffs during the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19).Method:From February 25 to March 25,2020,using the research design of the current situation survey,medical staffs from Ningxia were investigated with questionnaires including self-made general information questionnaire,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Security Questionnaire(SQ),General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES),the Self-Esteem Scale(SES)and Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI).Results:During the outbreak of COVID-19,the total occurrence rate of sleep disorder,depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms and job burnout were 72.8%,34.6%,22.2%and 54.3%,respectively.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that depressive symptoms,negative coping,low self-efficacy and lower level of self-esteem were more likely to have mild job burnout;front-line medical staff from Ningxia to Wuhan,sleep disorder,depressive symptoms,negative coping and lower level of self-esteem were more likely to have moderate to severe job burnout(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:The incidence of psychological problems in medical staffs is higher during the outbreak of COVID-19,and depression symptoms,negative coping,low self-efficacy,lower level of self-esteem and front-line medical staffs from Ningxia to Wuhan are the influencing factors of job burnout.