艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者及其家属生活质量和社会支持的研究

目的了解皖北农村地区艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)及其家属的生活质量和社会支持现状,分析其相关的影响因素。方法通过典型抽样法采用一般情况问卷、感染史本底资料调查表、生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)和社会支持评定量表(SSS)对331名HIV/AIDS及其家属148名进行调查。结果单因素分析显示,不同性别、不同乡镇、不同文化程度的HIV/AIDS及其家属的GQOLI-74总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄、不同乡镇HIV/AIDS的SSS总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果表明,高年龄、负性生活事件是影响HIV/ AIDS及其家属生活质量的不利因素,而高文化程度、好的邻里关系、烦恼诉说是影响HIV/AIDS及其家属生活质量的有利因素。结论诸多因素在不同层面影响皖北农村地区HIV/AIDS及其家属的生活质量和社会支持,农村现有的艾滋病社区关爱、社会支持工作还亟需加大力度,以家庭、邻里为依托的社区关爱模式有待建立。

Study on the quality of life and social support among people Iiving with HIV/AIDS and their Ihmily members

Objective To explore the quality of life and related social support among people living with HIV/AIDS with related factors.Methods 331 people living with HIV/AIDS and 148 of their family members were selected using a typical sampling method.Questionnaires on general conditions,tables on history of infection,generic quality of life inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) and social support scale(SSS) were used.Results Data from one-way analysis suggested that people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members with the different sexs,different villages and different cultural backgrounds had differences in GQOLI-74 scores(P<0.05) while people living with HIV/AIDS with the different villages had differences in SSS scores(P<0.05).Results from Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that being elderly and negative life events were negatively associated with social support (P<0.05),while factors as more advanced educational background,harmonious neighborhood relationship and having bother pouring nature were the predictive factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Many factors might affect dimensions of quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members in rural areas of northern Anhui. Community care and social support of HIV/AIDS should still be greatly enhanced in the countryside of China.A community care mode based on family and neighborhood was expected to be developed.