新生儿睾丸扭转的超声诊断特征并文献复习

目的探讨新生儿睾丸扭转的超声诊断特征。 方法回顾性分析成都市妇女儿童中心医院泌尿外科于2019年5月8日收治的1例睾丸扭转患儿的临床资料，对超声检查睾丸的位置、大小、形态、回声、血流等图像资料进行分析，并复习相关文献。 结果患儿出生6 h后无明显诱因出现哭吵，右侧阴囊肿胀，皮肤明显青紫，有触痛，以阴囊上部明显，抬举时疼痛无明显变化，透光实验见阴囊内有积液，右侧腹股沟精索走行区有轻度压痛，左侧阴囊未查及明显异常。超声表现：右侧睾丸实质欠均匀，可见放射状无回声，实质内未探及明显血流信号，右侧附睾头增厚，回声欠均匀，可见线状无回声，右侧睾丸鞘膜腔内无回声；左侧睾丸实质回声均匀，血流分布未见明显异常，左侧附睾未见明显异常。右侧精索增粗，回声欠均匀，内可见点状血流。超声提示右侧阴囊睾丸扭转可能。 结论通过超声检查能够对新生儿睾丸扭转进行准确的诊断，有利于为患儿的治疗提供准确依据。

Ultrasonographic characteristics of testicular torsion in neonates and literature review

ObjectiveTo investigate the ultrasonographic characteristics of testicular torsion in neonates. MethodsThe clinical data of a patient admitted to the Urology Department of Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital for testicular torsion on May 8, 2019 was analyzed retrospectively. The position, size, shape, echo, blood flow and other image data of testis examined by ultrasound were analyzed, and the relevant literatures were reviewed. ResultsAfter six hours of birth, the infant cried with no obvious inducement, of whom the right scrotum was swollen with tenderness, and the skin was cyan and purple. The tenderness was obvious of the upper part of scrotum, and the pain did not change obviously when lifting. The light transmission test showed that there was effusion in the scrotum. There was slight tenderness in the right groin spermatic cord area, and no obvious abnormality in the left scrotum. Ultrasound showed that the right testicular parenchyma was inhomogeneous, and there was no radiation echo, no obvious blood flow signal was detected in the parenchyma. The right epididymal head was thickened, and the echo was inhomogeneous, and there was no linear echo, and there was no echo in the right testicular sphingomyelin cavity. The left testicular parenchyma had uniform echo, no obvious abnormality in blood flow distribution, and there was no obvious abnormality in the left epididymis. On the right side, the spermatic cord was thickened, the echo was inhomogeneous, and there was punctate blood flow. Ultrasound suggested the possibility of torsion of right scrotum testis. ConclusionUltrasound examination can accurately diagnose testicular torsion of newborn, which is helpful to provide accurate basis for the treatment of children.