卓越技能型护理人才培养改革探讨:以黄山职业技术学院为例

目的 参照教育部、卫生部启动“卓越医生教育培养计划”，分析现今护理专业人才培养存在的不足，提出“卓越护理技能型人才培养计划”的改革思路、措施，探索以提升护生综合素质为导向的培养模式改革。 方法 采取方便抽样法分别从黄山职业技术学院2017届和2018届高职护生中各抽取两个班，其中一个为“卓越护理班”，另一个为对照班。“卓越护理班”依据“卓越技能型护士培养计划”模式进行培养，对照班依据校普通护理人才培养模式进行培养。比较两个班级的专业核心课程综合成绩以及专业承诺和职业决策自我效能评价。 结果 除2017届卓越护理班护生《儿科护理学》成绩与对照班差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）外，两届卓越护理班护生其余的核心课程成绩均高于对照班护生（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。“卓越护理计划”培养前，2017与2018两届卓越护理班的护生专业承诺水平及职业决策能力各项目评分与对照组差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；培养后，2017与2018两届卓越护理班的护生专业承诺水平及职业决策能力各项目评分均高于对照班护生（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。 结论 改革创新培养模式是卓越技能型护理人才培养的保障。

A preliminary study on the training reform of excellent skilled nursing personnel:a case of Huangshan Vocational and Technical College

Objective To analyze the insufficiencies in nursing talents training, propose the reform ideas and measures in training nursing talents with excellent skills, and explore new mode to foster the nursing talents with excellent skills according to the "Physician Education and Training Program of Excellence" initiated by Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health. Methods Two classes in 2017 and 2 classes in 2018 from the higher vocational students in Huangshan Vocational and Technical College were selected using convenience sampling method, and divided into the "excellent nurse class" and "control class", respectively.The excellent nurse class was trained using the "Excellent Nursing Skills Talents Training Program", and the control class was trained using general nursing cultivating mode.The comprehensive score of core professional courses, professional commitment and evaluation of career decision-making self-efficiency were compared between two groups. Results The difference of the performance of "paediatric nursing" between the excellent nursing class and control class in 2017 was not statistically significant(P>0.05), the performances of other core courses in two excellent nursing classes were higher than those in control class(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).Before the cultivation of "nursing excellence plan", the differences of the scores of nursing students' professional commitment level and career decision-making ability between two excellent nursing classes and control classes in 2017 and 2018 were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After cultivation, the scores of professional commitment level and career decision-making ability in two excellent nursing classes were higher than those in control classes in 2017 and 2018(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). Conclusions The reform and innovation of cultivating mode are good guaranty in training the nursing talents with excellent skills.