数字化健康教育延伸护理模式在急性心肌梗死PCI术后居家休养病人中的应用

目的探讨数字化健康教育延伸护理模式在急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后居家休养病人中的应用效果。方法选取97例行PCI手术的急性心肌梗死病人，随机分为对照组（48例）及延伸组（49例）。对照组出院后给予常规护理干预，延伸组出院后给予数字化健康教育延伸护理模式干预。对比2组出院时、出院6个月后对疾病知识的掌握情况及出院时、出院3个月、出院6个月的焦虑抑郁情绪变化，并比较出院6个月内护理依从性及不良事件发生情况。结果2组出院时对疾病相关知识掌握程度评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），出院6个月后对疾病相关知识掌握程度评分均明显高于出院时（P < 0.01）；延伸组出院6个月后对疾病相关知识掌握程度评分均明显高于对照组（P < 0.01）；汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）及汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分在组间、时间及交互方面差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01），2组出院时的HAMA及HAMD评分差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05），延伸组出院3个月及6个月的HAMA及HAMD评分均明显低于对照组（P < 0.05），2组病人出院后的HAMA及HAMD评分均随着时间的增加而降低（P < 0.05）；延伸组护理依从性优良率明显高于对照组（P < 0.05）；出院6个月内，延伸组总不良事件发生率明显低于对照组（P < 0.05）。结论数字化健康教育延伸护理模式可明显提高急性心肌梗死PCI术后居家休养病人认知水平，缓解不良情绪，提高护理依从性及减少不良事件的发生，具有推广应用价值。

Application effect of extended nursing model of digital health education in home rehabilitation patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI

ObjectiveTo explore the application effects of extended nursing model of digital health education in home recuperation patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).MethodsNinety-seven acute myocardial infarction patients treated with PCI were randomly divided into the control group(48 cases)and extension group(49 cases).The control group were treated with routine nursing intervention, while the extension group were treated with digital health education extended nursing intervention after discharge.The mastery of disease knowledge at discharge and after 6 months of discharge, and changes of anxiety and depression at discharge, and after 3 and 6 months of discharge were compared between groups.The nursing compliance and adverse events within 6 months after discharge were compared between two groups.ResultsThere was no statistical significance in the score of mastery of disease-related knowledge between two groups at discharge(P>0.05), the scores of mastery of disease-related knowledge in two groups after 6 months of discharge were significantly higher than that at discharge(P < 0.01), and the score of mastery of disease-related knowledge in extension group after 6 months of discharge was significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.01).The differences of the scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)among different among groups, time and interactions were statistically significant(P < 0.01), and there was no statistical significance in HAMA and HAMD scores between two groups at discharge(P>0.05).The scores of HAMA and HAMD in extension group after 3 and 6 months of discharge were significantly lower than those in control group(P < 0.05), and the scores of HAMA and HAMD in two groups after discharge decreased with the increasing of time(P < 0.05).The excellent and good rate of nursing compliance in extension group was significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.05).The incidence rate of total adverse events in extension group within 6 months after discharge was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe application of extended nursing mode of digital health education in home recuperation patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI can significantly improve the cognitive level of patients, alleviate adverse emotion, improve nursing compliance, and reduce the occurrence of adverse events, which has the value of promotion and application.