铅暴露区产妇血铅、脐血铅及初乳铅测定的意义

目的确定铅暴露环境中产妇血铅、脐血铅及乳汁铅测定的意义。方法前瞻性选择45名电子垃圾拆解场周围产妇作为观察组，对其分娩时母血铅、脐血铅及乳汁铅进行测定，同时随机选取非铅高暴露环境的40名产妇作为对照组。比较2组产妇血铅、脐血铅及乳汁铅测定值和新生儿出生情况。结果观察组39名、对照组38名完成研究。观察组新生儿体质量较对照组降低（P < 0.05），观察组新生儿身长与对照组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），观察组产妇血铅、脐血铅、初乳铅水平均明显高于对照组（P < 0.01）。结论电子垃圾拆解场周围产妇妊娠期暴露在铅高环境中，可导致胎儿宫内铅暴露，且较高初乳铅亦可能导致哺乳期铅暴露，建议加强铅暴露环境中妇女孕期的防铅工作。

The significance of the determination levels of blood lead,cord blood lead and colostrum lead in pregnant women with exposuring in lead area

ObjectiveTo study the significance of the determination levels of blood lead, cord blood lead and colostrum lead in pregnant women with exposuring in lead area.MethodsForty-five pregnant women living around the electronic waste recycling field were prospectively selected, and set as the observation group.The levels of maternal blood lead, cord blood lead and milk lead in observation group were detected.Forty puerpera living around no high lead exposure area were set as the control group.The levels of maternal blood lead, cord blood lead and milk lead, and neonatal status were compared between two groups.ResultsThe study in 39 cases of the observation group and 38 cases of the control group were completed.The neonatal body mass in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.05), and the difference of the neonatal body length between two groups was not statistically significantly(P>0.05).The levels of maternal blood lead, cord blood lead and colostrum lead in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.01).ConclusionThe women exposuring in high lead environment during pregnancy may lead to fetal lead exposure, and the high foremilk lead may result in the lead exposure during lactation.Therefore we should improve lead prevention work for women living around the lead exposure environment.