心理干预联合认知干预在惠州市学校 肺结核病密切接触者中的应用观察

目的研究心理干预联合认知干预在惠州市学校肺结核病密切接触者中的应用效果。方法随机数表法将学校2018年1月—2019年1月肺结核患者密切接触者200名分为观察组和对照组,各100例,对照组给予认知干预,观察组给予心理干预联合认知干预。观察并比较两组研究对象干预前后的焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、调查主动检查人数、发病情况、对肺结核的了解情况以及两组研究对象的满意度。结果与干预前比较,两组干预后SAS评分下降,肺结核知识评分上升,且观察组干预后下降或上升幅度大于对照组(P<0.05);观察组主动筛查率高于对照,感染发病率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组满意率为95.00%,高于对照组的86.00%(P<0.05)。结论心理干预联合认知干预在学校肺结核密切接触者中应用可有效缓解不良情绪,提高主动筛查率和疾病的认知了解。

Application of psychological intervention combined with cognitive intervention in close contacts with pulmonary tuberculosis in schools in Huizhou City

Objective To study the application of psychological intervention combined with cognitive intervention in the close contacts with pulmonary tuberculosis in schools in Huizhou City. Methods A total of 200 students who were in close contact with pulmonary tuberculosis patients from January 2018 to January 2019 were divided into an trial group and a control group by the random number table method, with 100 cases in each group. The control group was given cognitive intervention, and the trial group was given psychological intervention combined with cognitive intervention. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, number of people with active examinations, incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, understanding of pulmonary tuberculosis, and satisfaction were observed and compared between the two groups before and after the interventions. Results The SAS scores in the two groups decreased after intervention while the scores of pulmonary tuberculosis knowledge increased compared with those before the intervention, and the decreased range and increased range in the trial group were significantly greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). The active screening rate in the trial group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while the infection incidence rate in the trial group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The satisfaction rate in the trial group was higher than that in the control group (95.00% vs. 86.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The psychological intervention combined with cognitive intervention can effectively alleviate the adverse emotions and improve the active screening rate and disease knowledge understanding of the close contacts with pulmonary tuberculosis in schools.