支气管哮喘合并胃食管反流病相关危险因素分析

目的探讨支气管哮喘合并胃食管反流病（GERD）的相关危险因素，为预防及治疗提供理论依据。 方法回顾性收集自2013年1月至2018年8月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院呼吸科就诊的支气管哮喘合并GERD患者187例及单纯支气管哮喘者192例临床资料，统计方法比较两组临床特点，分析哮喘合并GERD相关危险因素。 结果两组患者年龄、性别、过敏史、高血压病史、冠心病病史、糖尿病病史、饮酒史等差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；两组患者吸烟史、体重指数（BMI）、哮喘家族史、第一秒末用力呼气量（FEV1）、FEV1/用力肺活量（FVC）、最大呼气流量（PEF）内急性发作次数等有差异性，并差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，高BMI、吸烟、PEF、既往12月内急性发作次数是哮喘合并GERD的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。 结论高BMI、吸烟、PEF、既往12月内急性发作次数是哮喘合并GERD的危险因素，改善肺功能、积极减重、戒烟，有望预防和减少GERD的发生。

Risk factors of asthma with gastroesophageal reflux disease

ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of bronchial asthma combined with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to provide theoretical basis for prevention and treatment. MethodsThe clinical data of 187 cases of bronchial asthma with GERD and 192 cases of bronchial asthma with GERD were collected retrospectively from January 2013 to August 2018 in the respiratory department of the people's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. ResultsThere were no significant difference in age, gender, history of allergy, history of hypertension, history of coronary heart disease, history of diabetes mellitus and history of drinking between the two groups (P＞0.05); there were significant differences in smoking history, body mass index (BMI), family history of asthma, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1 /forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the number of acute attacks in the past 12 months between the two groups (P＜0.05); Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI, smoking, PEF and the number of previous acute attacks in 12 months were independent risk factors for asthma complicated with GERD (P＜0.05). ConclusionThe high BMI, smoking, PEF and the number of acute attacks in the past 12 months are the risk factors of GERD, it is expected to prevent and reduce GERD by improving lung function, actively reducing weight and quitting smoking.