饮食行为及饮食习惯对学龄前期儿童超重肥胖的影响

目的了解苏州市工业园区学龄前期儿童超重肥胖的现状,探讨其中饮食相关因素,提供预防方法。方法采用随机抽样的方法,在苏州工业园区斜塘街道所属于幼儿园随机抽取5所3~6岁儿童2034名作为本次研究的调查现场,进行问卷调查和相关体格测量。结果超重肥胖检出率为16.8%,进食膨化食品次数多(χ^2=9.200,P<0.05)、喜欢看食品广告(χ^2=13.069,P<0.05),尤其膨化食品和甜饮料广告(P<0.05)、临睡前进食主食和零食、食欲好、吃饭时间短、边看电视边吃零食(P均<0.05)为学龄前儿童超重肥胖的危险因素。结论为儿童营造健康的饮食环境,培养儿童良好的饮食行为,可有效预防儿童超重肥胖的发生。

Influences of dietary behaviors and dietary habits on overweight/obesity in preschool children

Objective To understand the current situation of overweight/obesity in preschool children in Suzhou Industrial Zone, to explore the diet-related influencing factors, and to provide preventive measures. Methods By adopting the random sampling method, 2 034 children aged 3-6 years were sampled from 5 kindergartens belonging to the schools of Xietang Street in Suzhou Industrial Zone, and they were investigated by the questionnaires and relevant physical measurements. Results The detection rate of overweight/obesity was 16.8%. The risk factors of overweight/obesity were eating puffed food frequently (χ2=9.200, P<0.05), watching food advertisements (χ2=13.069, P<0.05), especially the puffed food and sweet drink advertisements (P<0.05), eating staple food and snacks before sleep, good appetite, short meal time, watching TV, and eating snacks (P<0.05). Conclusion To build a healthy diet environment for children and cultivate children's good eating behavior can effectively prevent the occurrence of overweight/obesity in children.