2000年与2010年盐城市中小学生生长发育及营养状况分析

目的 了解盐城市中小学生生长发育及营养状况,为促进中小学生正常生长发育,预防控制中小学生营养不良、超重肥胖提供科学依据。方法 以2000年、2010年分层随机整群抽取盐城市4所、6所城乡中小学6～18岁中小学生体质健康调研数据为资料,采用《中国6～19岁学龄儿童少年分年龄BMI筛查消瘦界值》、《中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查的BMI分类标准》作为评价营养状况标准,对身高、体重和营养状况进行统计分析。结果 盐城市2000年调查的中小学生中超重率3.3%(79/2 394),肥胖率0.0%(0/2 394),营养不良率10.9%(262/2 394)。2010年调查的中小学生中超重率14.5%(765/5 269),肥胖率7.5%(396/5 269),营养不良率3.3%(191/5 749),10年来盐城市中小学生城男、城女、乡男、乡女的身高、体重分别增长5.49 cm、4.66 cm、5.73 cm、4.87 cm和8.85 kg、4.82 kg、7.97 kg、5.45 kg,生长发育时间有所提前。结论 盐城市中小学生营养状况从2000年的营养不良为主转变为2010年以超重、肥胖为主、营养不良较轻,应对不同学习阶段学生采取多种措施,预防控制学生超重、肥胖的发生。

Analysis of growth,development and nutrition status of primary and secondary school students in Yancheng City in 2000 and 2010

Objective To understand the growth, development and nutrition status of primary and secondary school students in Yancheng City in order to provide an evidence for promoting the normal growth and development and preventing and controlling malnutrition, overweight and obesity among them. Methods According to stratified random cluster sampling in 2000 and 2010, the physique health data of primary and middle school students aged 6-19 years in 10 urban and rural primary and middle schools were obtained and the nutrition status was evaluated according to the criteria of "Thin threshold for Chinese 6 to 19-year-old children and adolescents by age BMI screening" and "BMI classification criteria for Chinese children and adolescents overweight and obesity screening", and the height, weight, and nutritional status were also analyzed statistically. Results The overweight rate, obesity rate, malnutrition rate of the primary and middle school students in Yancheng City were 3.3% (79/2 349), 0.0% (0/2 394), and 10.9% (262/2 349) respectively in 2000, whereas these were 14.5% (765/5 269), 7.5% (396/5 269), and 3.3% (191/5 749) respectively in 2010. In the past 10 years, the height and weight of the students of different gender (male/female) and different areas (urban/rural) in Yancheng City were increased by 5.49 cm, 4.66 cm, and 5.73 cm, 4.87cm, and 8.85 kg, 4.82 kg, and 7.97 kg, 5.45 kg respectively, and the growth and development time was advanced. Conclusion The nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Yancheng City has changed from malnutrition in 2000 to overweight and obesity with light malnutrition in 2010. A variety of measures should be taken to cope with the occurrence of student overweight and obesity in different learning stages, in order to ensure the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students.