两种体外培养星形胶质细胞的比较

目的 对2种常用培养方法得到的星形胶质细胞进行生物学功能上的比较分析。方法 用啮齿类新生儿大脑星形胶质细胞分离培养方法培养原代星形胶质细胞,用胎牛血清分化神经干细胞制备分化星形胶质细胞。显微镜下观察2种星形胶质细胞的细胞形态并用免疫荧光染色检测星形胶质细胞特异性标志物胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达量,10种细胞因子处理2种细胞后检测GFAP等的变化,用表达谱芯片检测GFAP、谷氨酸合成酶(GS)、转运蛋白(xCT)、神经调节蛋白-1(NRG)、谷氨酸受体蛋白(NMDA)、脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)等基因的表达并进行比较。结果 2种星形胶质细胞形态和GFAP表达量不同,表达谱芯片检测结果显示原代星形胶质细胞GFAP、GS、xCT、NRG、NMDA、LPL基因的表达均显著高于分化星形胶质细胞。10种细胞因子的处理均不能使原代星形胶质细胞GFAP表达升高,但转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)可以使分化的星形胶质细胞GFAP表达升高。结论 与分化的星形胶质细胞相比,原代培养的星形胶质细胞更类似于反应态星形胶质细胞,而TGF-β可促进分化细胞向反应态细胞过渡。

Comparison of Two in Vitro Cultured Astrocytes

Objective To compare the biological functions of astrocytes cultured in vitro by two methods. Methods The primary astrocytes were cultured from rodent neonatal brain,whereas the differentiated astrocytes were prepared by differentiating neural stem cells with fetal bovine serum.The morphologies of these two different types of astrocytes were observed under microscope and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),an astrocyte-specific marker,was detected by immunofluorescence staining after treatment with 10 cytokines.Changes in GFAP,glutamate synthetase(GS),glutamate-aspartic acid transporter(xCT),neuregulin-1(NRG),N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor(NMDA),lipoprotein lipase(LPL)were detected and compared. Results The morphologies and GFAP expression differed between these two astrocyte types.Microarray showed that the expressions of GFAP,GS,xCT,NRG,NMDA,and LPL were significantly higher in primary astrocytes than in differentiated astrocytes.None of these 10 cytokines increased the expression of GFAP in primary astrocytes,whereas treatment with transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)significantly increased the expression of GFAP in the differentiated astrocytes. Conclusion Compared with the differentiated astrocytes,the primary astrocytes are more similar to reactive astrocytes,and TGF-β can promote the transition of differentiated cells to reactive cells.