膀胱充盈后超声检查孕晚期产妇估测胎儿体质量的准确性研究

目的研究膀胱充盈后超声检查对孕晚期产妇估测胎儿体质量（EFW）测量的准确性及应用价值。方法选择正常头位单胎产妇108例,均于分娩前1周内于膀胱充盈及未充盈时行产前经腹二维超声检查,观察胎儿生长发育参数,并通过Hadlock公式测量EFW。结果产妇膀胱充盈时胎儿双顶径及头围的标准切面获取率为（91/108）,产妇膀胱未充盈时胎儿双顶径及头围的标准切面获取率为（68/108）,2组差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。胎儿头围和体质量在产妇膀胱充盈、膀胱未充盈及实际出生时差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）;胎儿头围和体质量在产妇膀胱充盈时测量值与实际出生时差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,膀胱未充盈时测量值显著低于膀胱充盈时和实际出生时（P < 0.01）。结论孕晚期产妇膀胱充盈后行经腹二维超声检查可有效提高胎儿双顶径及头围的标准切面准确率,EFW更接近出生时实际质量,可以为临床医生判断胎儿体质量提供帮助。

Study on the accuracy of estimation fetal weight during postpregnancy by ultrasonographic examination after bladder filling

ObjectiveTo explore the accuracy and application value of ultrasonographic examination after bladder filling in evaluating fetal weight during postpregnancy.MethodsOne hundred and eight normal head position single fetal maternal were examined using 2D ultrasound in bladder filling and unfilling within 1 week before delivery, the fetal growth parameters were observed, and the estimation fetal weight (EFW) was measured using the Hadlock formula.ResultsThe standard shear rates of fetal double top diameter and head circumference at bladder filling and unfilling were 91/108 and 68/108, respectively, and the difference of which was statistically significant (P < 0.01).The differences of the fetal head circumference and body weight in puerperal with bladder unfilling between fetus and actual birth were statistically significant (P < 0.01), and the differences of the fetal head circumference and body weight in puerperal with bladder filling between fetus and actual birth were not statistcially significant (P>0.05).The fetal head circumference and body weight in puerperal with bladder unfilling were significantly lower than those in puerperal with bladder filling and actual birth (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe 2D ultrasonographic examination in puerperal with bladder filling can effectively improve the accuracy of the standard section of fetal double top diameter and head circumference, the fetal body quality estimated is closer to the actual quality of birth, which can provide the help in clinicians to judge and estimate fetal body weight.