知识点模块网格化模型在肾内科实习生带教中的应用

目的 运用知识点模块网格化构建带教模型，观察其在肾内科实习生中的应用效果。方法 根据《内科学》（第八版）肾内科教学大纲要求，结合肾内科病房常见病、多发病的临床特点，精心挑选相关知识点，以理论为支撑点，以服务于实习带教工作为靶目标，各个知识点之间有临床的关联性，最终形成网格化的诊治分 析模型。将血尿、蛋白尿、高血压、水肿、肾小球滤过率为切入点，设定肾病综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、糖尿病肾病和急、慢性肾功能衰竭为临床知识必须掌握点，从病史、症状、体征和实验室检查几方面来培养实习生的诊疗思维，并通过知识点来关联疾病的诊治，从而帮助他们在有限的肾内科实习期间尽可能掌握肾内科临床知识。结果 本研究开展一年以来，对于来肾内科轮转的51 名实习生进行了模块网格化模型训练，实习生普遍反映该模型有很好的学习效果，让他们了解了肾内科临床重点，并能和理论学习的知识点有机融合在一起，开阔了实习生的诊疗视野，也便于对其他科知识点的学习。结论 基于知识点模块网格化，构建模型在肾内科实习生中有很好的带教作用，学生接受肾内科知识点的记忆增强，并能进一步推广到内科其他内容的实习带教中。

Application of building model based on knowledge module grid in the teaching of intern in department of nephrology

Objective To use the knowledge point module to build a teaching model, and observe its application effects of application in nephrology interns. Methods According to Internal Medicine (eighth edition) renal medicine teaching syllabus requirements, combined with the clinical characteristics of renal common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, we carefully selected relevant knowledge points, focused on clinical theory, targeted at serving the intern training.We empahasied clinical relevance between the knowledge points, eventually constructed the diagnosis and treatment of grid analysis model. We use hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, oedema, glomerular filtration rate as the breakthrough point,set nephrotic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes kidney disease and acute and chronic renal failure as clinical knowledge points that must be mastered. Medical history, symptoms, physical signs and laboratory examination were used to train interns’ clinical thinking. The knowledge points in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease might help interns with renal medicine clinical knowledge in the limited kidney internal medicine internship. Results Fifty-one interns of renal medicine were selected for rotary grid model training in this one-year study, and they generally accepted that the model had good teaching effect, helped them sort out the kidney internal medicine clinical priorities, and grasp integrated theory and knowledge, open the interns’ medical vision, and facilitate learning other knowledge. Conclusion The grid model based on knowledge points has a good teaching effect on interns of renal internal medicine. Students can enhance their memory of the knowledge points in clinical renal internal medicine, and it can be further popularized in other medical departments.