191例儿童肘关节创伤X线诊断及预后评估

目的：回顾性研究儿童肘关节创伤X线诊断，方法：收集儿童肘关节创伤X线资料191例，其中骨骺损伤60例，髁上骨折112例，肘关节脱位12例，尺骨鹰嘴骨折并桡骨小头骨折2例，和桡骨小头脱位5例。结果：肘关节囊脂肪垫X线征阳性109例；53例骨骺分离合并有干骺端骨折；髁上骨折愈合复便发现肘内翻畸形24例，骨化性肌炎11例，结论：肘关节囊脂肪垫X线征阳性是肘关节骨折或脱位的一个重要间接征象，出现率达575；肘关节骨骺损伤中大多数合并有干骺端骨折（88．3％）；髁上骨折肘内翻发生率低，而骨化性肌炎较常见。

X-ray diagnosis and prognosis assessment in 191 cases of elbow joint trauma in children

Objective:To evaluate the X ray diagnosis of elbow joint trauma.Methods:X ray findings of elbow joint trauma in 191 children,were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,60 cases were epiphyseal injuries,112 cases supracondylar fractures,12 cases elbow dislocations,2 cases ulnar olecranon fractures combined with radial head fractures,5 cases dislocation of radial head.Results:There were a positive fat pad sign of elbow joint in 109 cases,epiphyseal seperation combined with metaphysis fractures in 53 cases,resultant cubitus varus due to supracondylar fractures in 24 cases,ossifying myositis in 11 cases.Conclusion:A positive fat pad sign of X ray findings is an important indirect sign of elbow joint fracture or dislocation.Most elbow epiphyseal injuries may be combined with metaphysis fracture ( 88.3% ),the incidence of cubitus varus secondary to supracondylar fractures is low,while myositis ossificans is common.