重庆市主城九区3～6岁儿童忽视状况的调查分析

目的：了解重庆市主城九区3～6岁儿童的忽视状况。方法采取分层随机抽样的方法，对重庆市主城九区18个街道的1316名3～6岁儿童，运用“中国3～6岁城区儿童忽视常模”进行问卷调查。采用SPSS13．0软件对不同年龄、性别、忽视层面（身体、情感、教育、安全和医疗）的忽视率与忽视度进行统计学描述与检验。结果重庆市主城九区3～6岁儿童总忽视率为22．95％，总忽视度为39．56±7．19，不同性别、各年龄组间儿童在忽视率和忽视度上差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。儿童忽视的5种类型中，忽视率为5．09％～10．64％，其中安全与身体忽视的频率较高，分别为10．64％与9．50％；忽视度为36．94～41．24，教育、身体忽视的强度较大，分别为41．24±10．43与39．81±9．32。除各年龄组儿童情感忽视度外，5种类型的忽视率与其他4类的忽视度在各年龄组及男女童间差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。儿童同时受忽视种类发生率在不同性别与各年龄组间差异均无统计学意义，所有儿童均以单项（即只在5种忽视种类的任何一种）受忽视为主，发生率13．68％，构成比59．60％。结论重庆市主城九区3～6岁儿童受到忽视的频率与强度均处于一般水平，除情感忽视强度外，不同性别、各年龄的儿童受到忽视的频率和强度相同。儿童安全与身体受到忽视的频率较高，教育、情感受到忽视的强度较大。所有儿童均以单项受忽视为主。

Analysis of the current situation of child neglect among aged 3 to 6 year-old in the urban areas of 9 districts of Chongqing

Objective To investigate and analyze the situation of urban neglected children aged 3 to 6 in 9 districts of Chongqing .Methods Totally 1 316 children were randomly sampled under stratification from 18 streets of 9 district of Chongqing . Based on the Child Neglect Norms used by China ,prevalence of child neglect was identified and SPSS 13 .0 was employed for statis‐tical analysis .Scores ,frequency/degrees ,age ,sex and 5 types (physical ,emotional ,educational ,safety and medical) of child neglect on every group of the regions were calculated .Results The average prevalence of child neglect for the 3 to 6 year‐olds was 22 .95% ,and the total degree was 39 .56 ± 7 .19 .No significant differences were found in the prevalence and degree of child neglect between males and females and among age groups (P<0 .05) .The frequencies of child neglect for the five types were 5 .09% to 10 .64% ,with the higher frequencies of safety neglect (10 .64% ) and physical neglect (9 .50% ) .The degrees of child neglect for the five types were 36 .94 to 41 .24 ,with the higher degrees of educational neglect and physical neglect (41 .24 ± 10 .43 ,39 .81 ± 9 .32 respectively ) .No significant differences were found in the frequency of the types between males and females and among age groups . No significant differences were found in the degree of the types (with an exception on emotional neglect among age groups) between males and females and among age groups .The children aged 3 to 6 were mainly involved in single item of negligence ,with incidence rates as 13 .68% and proportions as 59 .60% .Conclusion The frequency and degree of child neglect among children aged 3 to 6 in the urban areas of 9 district of Chongqing were medium ,and similar between males and females and among age groups ,except the degree of emotional neglect .The children aged 3 to 6 had the higher frequencies of safety and physical neglect ,and the higher de‐grees of educational and physical neglect .The children aged 3 to 6 were mainly involved in single item of negligence .