1705株医院常见病原菌分布及其耐药性研究

目的：了解本地区临床分离致病菌菌群的分布及耐药性，为细菌性感染的诊断与治疗提供依据。方法按《全国临床检验操作规程》培养分离菌种，HX‐21细菌鉴定／药敏分析仪进行细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验。结果分离出的1705株细菌中，革兰阳性球菌占39．8％，革兰阴性杆菌占60．2％；分离率由高到低依次为：耐苯唑西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌13．3％，铜绿假单胞菌12．0％，耐苯唑西林金黄色葡萄球菌11．3％，不产超广谱β‐内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌10．7％，产超广谱β‐内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌9．9％，不动杆菌属7．1％，产超广谱β‐内酰胺酶肺炎克雷伯菌5．9％，不产超广谱β‐内酰胺酶肺炎克雷伯菌5．7％，苯唑西林敏感凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌4．8％，肠球菌属4．8％，苯唑西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌4．5％等。结论常见的致病菌中，以革兰阴性杆菌多见，其中以不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等多见；在金黄色葡萄球菌菌株中，苯唑西林耐药的菌株比例比苯唑西林敏感的菌株比例高近3倍；除万古霉素和替考拉宁都敏感外，其他常用抗菌药物均表现不同程度的耐药。

Analysis of distribution and drug resistance of 1 705 strains of common pathogenic bacteria in primary hospital

Objective To understand the regional distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolates of bacteria flora ,in order to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infection .Methods According to "the national clinical test proce‐dures "operation separation strains ,HX‐21 bacteria identification/susceptibility analyzer bacteria identification and drug sensitive test .Results Among 1 705 strains of isolated bacteria ,Gram‐positive cocci accounted for 39 .8% ,Gram‐negative bacteria accounted for 60 .2% ;separation rate from high to low were:benzene azole resistance westwood 13 .3% coagulase negative staphylococcus , pseudomonas aeruginosa ,12 .0% benzene azole resistance westwood staphylococcus aureus 11 .3% ,did not produce the ultra broad spectrum beta lactamase 10 .7% ,e .coli to produce ultra broad spectrum beta‐lactamase e .coli 9 .9% ,acinetobacter was 7 .1% ,pro‐ducing ultra broad spectrum beta‐lactamase pneumonia klebsiella bacteria 5 .9% ,did not produce the ultra broad spectrum beta‐lac‐tamase pneumonia klebsiella bacteria 5 .7% ,benzene azole westwood sensitive coagulase negative staphylococcus 4 .8% ,enterococ‐cus was 4 .8% ,benzene azole westwood sensitive staphylococcus aureus 4 .5% ,etc .Conclusion The common pathogenic bacteria is gram‐negative bacilli in the common pathogenic bacteria .In negative bacilli infection ,acinetobacter ,pseudomonas aeruginosa ,e .coli , klebsiella pneumoniae ,etc were more common .In staphylococcus aureus strains ,benzene azole westwood drug‐resistant strain ratio is higher than benzene azole westwood sensitive strain rate for 3 times .In addition to the vancomycin and teicoplanin sensitive ,other commonly used antibiotics shows different degrees of resistance .