上海地区34例百岁老人中医体质类型调查

目的了解上海地区百岁老人中医体质的分布情况。方法从上海市各区县随机抽取34例百岁老人。由专职医师经系统培训后统一入户，采用《中医体质分类与判定表》进行问卷调查，判定中医体质类型。结果34例百岁老人，男性18例，年龄101～110岁，平均（103．5±2．5）岁；女性16例，年龄101～113岁，平均（106．1±3．4）岁，2例由于精神原因失访。男性以阳虚质最多9例占34．6％，其次为平和质8例（30．8％）、气虚质6例（23．1％）、痰湿质1例（3．8％）、血瘀质1例（3．8％）、特禀质1例（3．8％）。女性以平和质最多10例占52．6％，其次为气虚质6例（31．6％）、阳虚质2例（10．5％）、血瘀质1例（5．3％）。没有百岁老人表现出阴虚质、湿热质和气郁质。20例舌质淡红，9例舌质淡白，3例舌质黯。13例苔质薄，15例苔质腻，4例少苔。27例苔色白，5例苔色黄。20例细脉，9例弱脉，16例弦脉，2例滑脉，1例沉脉，3例结脉。结论本组百岁老人平和质最多，与“阴平阳秘，精神乃治”的中医理论相符，大多数老人善于保存体内的阴气，脏腑机能正常，气血津液充盈，胃气旺盛，但在脉象上却难掩衰老之势。

The investigation on traditional chinese medicine constitution of 34 centenarians in shanghai region

Objective To investigate the distribution of Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution of 34 centenarians in Shanghai region. Methods Chosen at random, 34 centenarians in Shanghai region were administered Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire （CCMQ） to judge their Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution. Results32centenarians were involved in the investigation, in which 2 centenarians lost to follow-up because of the psychosis [18 male, mean age （103.5±2.5） years; 16 female, meanage （103.5±2.5） years]. Based onthe frequency of TCM constitutions, in male centenarians there are 9 person for Yang deficiency type （34.6%）, 8 person for Gentleness type （30.8%）, 6 person for Qi-deficiency type （23.1%）, 1 person for Phlegm-wetness type （3.8%）, 1 person for Blood-stasis type （3.8%）, 1 person for Special diathesis type （3.8%）. In female centenarians, there are 10 person for Gentleness type （52.6%）, 6 person for Qi deficiency type （31.6%）, 2 person for Yang deficiency type （10.5%）, 1 person for Blood-stasis type （5.3%）. Yin-deficiency type, Wetness-heat type and Qi-depression type exists in none of the centenarians. 20 centenarians have pink tongue, 9 have pale tongue, 3 have dark tongue. 13 centenarians have thin tongue coating, 15 have thick tongue coating, 4 have no tongue coating. 20 centenarians have thready pulse, 9 have weak pulse, 16 have taut pulse, 2 have slippery pulse and one centenarian has deep pulse. Conclusions These centenarians express Gentleness type mostly, which conforms to TCM theory ＂Yang steadies while yin calms＂. Being adept in protecting their yin, most of the centenarians have healthy function of zan~-fu organs with vigorous stomach oi. vet the oulse shows their aging.