Correlation of NLRP3 with severity and prognosis of coronary atherosclerosis in acute coronary syndrome patients

We decided to assess the prognostic value of NLRP3 inflammasome level in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and whether it was related to coronary atherosclerotic severity. Study population included one-hundred and twenty-three (123) subjects. Peripheral blood monocyte NLRP3 protein level was correlated with clinical presentation, angiographic characteristics and its scoring systems as well as GRACE and TIMI risk scores. Follow-up for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was carried out at 180 days. Peripheral blood monocyte NLRP3 was found to be elevated in ACS patients (P < 0.05) and showed positive correlation with GRACE score (r = 0.619), TIMI score (r = 0.580), SYNTAX score (r = 0.550), Clinical SYNTAX score (r = 0.564) and Gensini score (r = 0.516). NLRP3 was also increased with increasing number of vessels, the number of lesions present and the presence bifurcation lesions (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed NLRP3 to be an independent predictor of MACE (P = 0.043). Kaplan–Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves for NLRP3 showed good predictive value for MACE. There is a positive correlation of NLRP3 level with severity of coronary atherosclerosis. NLRP3 level is a promising prognostic utility and is efficient in event prediction for MACE.