Spontaneous regression and complete disappearance of the vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation

Introduction

Thrombosis is frequently observed in Galen malformation, but propagation of thrombosis resulting in the disappearance of the aneurysmal malformation is a very rare clinical condition.

Case report

A rare case of spontaneous regression and disappearance of the vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VoGAM) in a pediatric patient with repeated generalized seizure, increased head circumference, and congestive heart failure is recorded. The course of regression from infancy to 8 years of age has been depicted. Radiological studies initially demonstrated VoGAM complicated by an intra-cerebral hemorrhage and hydrocephalus, which later underwent spontaneous regression. Long-term clinical and radiological follow-up is presented.

Discussion

Different conditions including hemodynamic alteration, compression of adjacent hematoma, and narrowing of related vascular structures have been described to cause thrombosis of VoGAM. The relevant literature to address possible mechanism is reviewed.