酒精对大鼠图形视网膜电图和视觉诱发电位的影响

目的：观察酒精对大鼠图形视网膜电图(PERG)、视觉诱发电位(PVEP)的影响及其剂量依赖关系，分析其对视功能损害机制。方法：33只大鼠随机分为对照组、低剂量酒精组、中等剂量组、高剂量组。首先记录60min内正常大鼠PERG、PVEP正常值，然后观察3种剂量酒精对大鼠PERG、PVEP影响。结果：低剂量酒精对大鼠PVEP—P100波潜时无明显延长(P〉0．05)。中等剂量酒精使大鼠PERG—q波及PVEP—P100波潜时均明显延长(p〈0．001)，且前者延长程度较后者显著(P〈0．005)。高剂量酒精对PVEP—P100波潜时延长(P〈0．001)更显著，且呈剂量依赖关系(P〈0．01)。结论：低剂量酒精对视功能无明显影响，中、高剂量酒精对视功能具有损害作用，并呈量效关系。酒精对视网膜损害程度较球后视功能损害显著。

A Study on Effects of Alcohol on Pattern Reverse Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potetial of Rats

Objective: To investigate the effects of alcohol on PERG, PVEP and the dose dependent relationship. as well as to compare the influence of alcohol on retina with that on optic nerve. Methods: Thirty-three rats were randomly divided into control group, a group with low-dose alcohol, a group with mid-dose alcohol and a group with high-dose alcohol, which were intraperitonealed with 20% (V/V) alcohol at the dose of 1. 0g/kg, 2. 0g/kg , 3. 0g/kg respectively. To establish a normal value of PERG and PVEP, the latency and amptitude of PERG and PVEP were measured in the control group. The effects of three kinds of alcohol doses on the PERG and PVEP were observed. Results: The latency of PVEP-P100 of rat hadn' t been prolonged at low dose group( P > 0.05). The both of PERG and PVEP latencies in the mid-dose group were prolonged significantly ( P < 0. 01) and the latency prolongation of PERG-q induced by alcohol are more than that of PVEP-P( P < 0. 01) . The latency in the high-dose group has been prolonged more significantly ( P < 0. 001), which showing the dose dependence. Conclusion: There were no significant effects of low doses of ethanol on visual function and visual function injure induced by alcohol was dose dependently at medium and high doses. The retina damage induced by alcohol was more serious than the optic nerve damage.