宾阳县小儿肺炎病原菌分布及其耐药性分析

目的分析宾阳县小儿肺炎病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法收集该院儿科2011-01—2011—12收治的1325例确诊为肺炎患儿的痰标本进行细菌培养及药敏分析。结果1325例痰标本中分离出致病菌16种共403株，总阳性率为27．5％，其中革兰阳性菌210株，占52％，革兰阴性菌193株，占48％。革兰阳性球菌对青霉素、克林霉素、红霉素、复方新诺明（SXT）耐药率高，对万古霉素、利福平，左氧氟沙星耐药率低；革兰阴性杆菌对青霉素类和头孢类抗生素耐药率高，对美罗培南敏感。结论肺炎链球菌和大肠埃希氏菌是本地区小儿肺炎最常见的病原菌，其次是金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌，对常用抗生素有不同程度的耐药，有针对性的合理使用抗菌药物，可减少耐药细菌的产生或延缓其发展。

Analysis of the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in the children with pneumonia in Binyang county

Objective To investigates the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in children with pneumonia in Binyang county. Methods Bacteral identification and susceptibility test were done for 1 325 sputum specimens of children with pneumonia in Department of paediatrics, Binyang Women and Children Health Hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2011. Results In 1 325 cases,16 pathogenic bacteria and 403 strains were separated from the sputum samples ,the total positive rate was 27. 5%. The chief pathogens were Gram positive bacilli accounting for 52%. Gram negative bacilli accounting for 48%. Gram negative bacilli were highly resistant to penieillins and cepha- losporins. All of KlebsieUa pneumoniae and Eschefichia coli sensitive to Meropenem. Gram positive bacilli was com-pletely resistant to Penicillins, Clindamycim, Erythromycin and SXT, but was sensitive to Vancomyein, Rifampin, Levofloxacin. Conclusion The most common pathogens in the children with pneumonia in Binyang county were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Eschrichia coli;the next were Staphylococus aureus and Klebsiella Pneuonia. These pathogens have varying degree of resitance to antibiotics. The rational use of antibotics can reduce generation of drug-resistant pathogens or slow down its development.