中药现代化研究的生物技术

中药在人类疾病的预防和治疗以及天然药物筛选中占有重要地位。随着科学技术的进步，生物技术在中药现代研究中展示出良好的应用前景。可用扩增片段长度多态性、限制性片段长度多态性、随机扩增多态性和微卫星DNA等生物技术进行中药材的甄别和品种选育，利用遗传转化、组织和细胞培养进行药材资源的保护和有效成分或部位的大规模发酵生产。蛋白质组、生物芯片等高通量技术可应用于中药作用的分子机制研究，从蛋白质图谱和基因表达的变化中寻找中药作用的靶点和途径。把机制研究成果应用于新药研发和中药的二次开发，将极大推动中药现代化的进程。

Biotechnology in modernization of Chinese materia medica

Chinese materia medica (CMM) plays an important role both in the disease prevention and therapy system and also in natural drug screening. Biotechnology exhibits applicable prospects in modern research of CMM with progress of natural science and technologies. Amplification fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplification polymorphism of DNA (RAPD), and microsatellite DNA have been used to discriminate and breed herbal varieties. Genetic transformation and techniques of tissue and cell culture are explored to protect herbal resouces and to produce active components or parts on a commercial scale. High throughput technologies of proteome and biochip are expected to probe molecular targets and routes of CMM with the changes of proteome and gene expression. The results can be helpful to novel drug development and secondary exploitation, so as to promote the modernization process of CMM.